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Sensors for Detection of Gases in High-Voltage Power Transformers: A ResearchProgram for Understanding and Improving Their Performance

机译：用于检测高压电力变压器中气体的传感器：用于理解和改善其性能的研究计划

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The operation of metal-insulator-semiconductor (MIS) sensors is described. Thesedevices are sensitive detectors of hydrogen and can be used for the purpose to monitoring hydrogen in highvoltage power transformers. The utility of these devices could be increased greatly if they could be designed to detect other gases indicative of impending transformer failure, such as acetylene, ethylene, and carbon monoxide. In this paper, we report initial results of a research project at Sandia National Laboratories/California designed to improve the understanding of MIS device operation so that multi-gas sensors can be developed. To date, we have successfully implemented a model that predicts the steady state response of a palladium-based MIS sensor to mixtures of hydrogen and oxygen. This model uses the commercially available software suite known as Surface Chemkin, which is extensively used to model complex chemically reacting systems. In addition, since time-dependent behavior can be exhibited by these devices, we are incorporating into the model the ability to predict transient phenomena as well. Comparison of model predictions with a limited set of experimental data indicates that published rate constants for reactions of hydrogen/oxygen mixtures on palladium surfaces may require revision in order to accurately predict observed experimental behavior. A combined modeling and experimental effort is underway to accomplish this.

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