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首页> 美国政府科技报告 >Wetlands Information Services a Commercial Application of Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems for Economic Development Planning and Wetlands Management
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Wetlands Information Services a Commercial Application of Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems for Economic Development Planning and Wetlands Management

机译：湿地信息服务为经济发展规划和湿地管理提供遥感和地理信息系统的商业应用

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The EOCAP II project greatly assisted the commercialization of a software product for remote sensing. It not only provided support and mechanisms to refine and introduce the product to the marketplace, but it also provided the opportunity for a thorough and documented demonstration and accuracy assessment of the product in two critical and high visibility market segments, wetlands and forestry management. The United States Fish and Wildlife Service has estimated that over 200 million acres of wetlands existed in the contiguous United States in the late 1700's. By 1980 less than 100 million acres still remained, with an annual loss placed at over 450,000 acres per year. This fact when considered with the Administration's "no net loss of wetlands" position, make accurate, responsive, and simplified means to identify and map wetlands more critical. The concept of using indicator species to classify an area as wetland has been used by ecologists intensively for the last decade. Because vegetation is considered a characteristic feature of wetlands, the federal government has compiled a national list of plant species for regions of the country that occur in wetlands. In the Southeastern part of the U.S., bald cypress and water/swamp tupelo are three of the most common wetland species indicating an obligate wetland (99 expected frequency in wetlands) . In delineating and mapping wetlands, identifying the location of an obligate wetland is the first step. The next step is to identify the wetland/upland boundary around the wetland, which is a far more difficult task. This category of indicator species includes those that occur in the transition zone between wetland and upland. This zone is where wetland species gradually intermix with the upland species and is characterized by complex species combinations and high spatial heterogeneity. The next zone, further removed from the obvious wetland, is called the upland zone.

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