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Fluorides of Five- and Six-Valence Transuranium Elements

机译：五价和六价超铀元素的氟化物

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NpF sub 6 , PuF sub 6 and AmF sub 6 are the heaviest known hexafluorides. They are molecular compounds like the much better known UF sub 6 . Due to the high volatility they have been of special technological interest with respect to dry methods for the reprocessing of spent nuclear fuel. Material problems avoided the technological introduction of such processes, however. The transuranium hexafluorides are very reactive substances, they fit the following series of reactivity WF sub 6 < MoF sub 6 < UF sub 6 < NpF sub 6 < PuF sub 6 < AmF sub 6 and OsF sub 6 < PuF sub 6 < RuF sub 6 . Controlled hydrolysis first yields the only recently discovered oxidetetrafluorides NpOF sub 4 and PuOF sub 4 wich is followed by the fomation of the dioxiddifluorides MeO sub 2 F sub 2 - a class of compounds which is also known for Am, for which element no binary hexafluoride could be prepared. NpF sub 5 , the only transuranium pentafluoride, is obtained by reacting NpF sub 6 with PF sub 3 in liquid HE or as an intermediate by oxidizing NpF sub 4 with KrF sub 2 in HF. The reaction of PuF sub 6 with PF sub 3 in HF only yields PuF sub 4 . No ternary fluorides of hexavalent transuranium elements are known, but a few polynary oxidfluorides like KPuO sub 2 F sub 3 have been characterized poorly. CsMe(V)F sub 6 , Rb sub 2 Me(V)F sub 7 and Me sub 3 NpF sub 8 (Me(I) = Na, RB) are the only ternary fluorides with pentavalent transuranium elements. It must be stated that there is only little knowledge on fluorides of hexa- and penta-valent transuranium elements what offers a broad area for new investigations - despite the experimental difficulties in handling these extremely reactive compounds of the high-radioactive elements. 43 refs., 5 figs., 6 tabs. (ERA citation 12:004540)

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