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首页> 美国政府科技报告 >Global Climate Change Impacts in the United States: A State of Knowledge Report from the U.S. Global Change Research Program
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Global Climate Change Impacts in the United States: A State of Knowledge Report from the U.S. Global Change Research Program

机译：全球气候变化对美国的影响：美国全球变化研究计划的知识状况报告

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摘要

Observations show that warming of the climate is unequivocal. The global warming observed over the past 50 years is due primarily to human-induced emissions of heat-trapping gases. These emissions come mainly from the burning of fossil fuels (coal, oil, and gas), with important contributions from the clearing of forests, agricultural practices, and other activities. Warming over this century is projected to be considerably greater than over the last century. The global average temperature since 1900 has risen by about 1.5oF. By 2100, it is projected to rise another 2 to 11.5oF. The U.S. average temperature has risen by a comparable amount and is very likely to rise more than the global average over this century, with some variation from place to place. Several factors will determine future temperature increases. Increases at the lower end of this range are more likely if global heat-trapping gas emissions are cut substantially. If emissions continue to rise at or near current rates, temperature increases are more likely to be near the upper end of the range. Sizable early cuts in emissions would significantly reduce the pace and the overall amount of climate change. Climate-related changes have already been observed globally and in the United States. These include increases in air and water temperatures, reduced frost days, increased frequency and intensity of heavy downpours, a rise in sea level, and reduced snow cover, glaciers, permafrost, and sea ice. A longer ice-free period on lakes and rivers, lengthening of the growing season, and increased water vapor in the atmosphere have also been observed.

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