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Community Rebuilding and Hazard Mitigation: Strategies for Rebuilding a Safer New Orleans Louisiana in the Aftermath of Hurricanes Katrina and Rita

机译：社区重建和减灾：在卡特里娜飓风和丽塔飓风过后重建更安全的新奥尔良路易斯安那的战略

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Hurricane Katrina made landfall in late August 2005, followed two weeks later by Hurricane Rita. Flood and wind damage occurred along most of the Gulf of Mexico coast extending from Alabama to Texas. In some cases, entire communities were lost as well as miles of barrier islands and coastal marshlands. The two hurricanes together mark the most devastating scale of destruction from a natural disaster in recorded history in the United States. It was estimated that approximately 80 percent of the city of New Orleans experienced varying degrees of flooding. There were areas of the city that did not flood significantly such as the central business district, the French Quarter, parts of Uptown and other neighborhoods located on or near the natural Mississippi River levee system. Neighborhoods located on the Metairie and Gentilly ridges generally experienced little storm-related damage. The now accepted reasons for extensive flooding that did occur was the result of various failures of the structural systems constructed to protect the city from tropical storm damage. These failures included breaches and over topping of floodwalls and levees, and several canal wall failures (attributed to design or material installation failures). The economic impact to the region range from $100 to $200 billion in physical losses of property with still yet to be accounted losses to businesses and other economic activities. Government agencies and various environmental, social, and economic scientists are still appraising the scale of loss of lives, economic productivity, and property as well as the impact on coastal marshlands and other natural systems. Over the next ten days after Hurricane Katrina made landfall, Louisiana State University was closed and classes were cancelled. During this time the two faculty assigned to teach the senior-level urban design studio organized the redirection of the studio. Considering that many students in the course and their families were directly affected by the hurricanes the faculty decided to shift the focus the design studio course to New Orleans. The goal for the semesters work would be to research and develop appropriate strategies for rebuilding New Orleans with an emphasis on developing non-structural and land use strategies. The following pages contain a summary of work accomplished by the students in LA 5001 during the fall semester. The summary consists of the background research regarding the history of New Orleans a summary of the strategies implemented in other communities in response to natural hazards. The students sought precedence on subjects that included temporary housing, flood plain and flood control management, alternate approaches to waste and debris removal, transportation systems, water quality management, coastal wetland protection, and other subjects.

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