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Benthic Community of Offshore Sand Banks: A Literature Synopsis of the Benthic Fauna Resources in Potential Outer Continental Shelf Sand Mining Areas

机译：海上沙洲底栖群落：潜在外陆剪切砂矿区底栖动物资源的文献摘要

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摘要

Benthic habitat on the United States continental shelf of the Atlantic coast and Gulf of Mexico is not a homogeneous region of flat mud habitat, but also contains natural bathymetric highs including ridge and shoal features. Many of these ridge/shoal features are sand banks which have already been identified as containing exploitable deposits. For example, it is estimated that Ship Shoal, located off of Louisiana, contains 1.6 billion cubic yards of sand appropriate for renourishment and stabilization projects. As nearshore reserves become depleted, offshore sand resources are becoming more important and proposed projects to use these sediments call for a range of a hundred thousand to several million cubic yards of sand to be taken. In 2002, the Minerals Management Service (MMS) received requests for 15 million cubic meters of sand to be used for projects off of Florida, Louisiana, Maryland, South Carolina, and Virginia. Sediments mined from offshore sources are being used to keep up with increased beach renourishment cycles, repair storm damage, prevent erosion, and prevent wetland loss due to anthropogenic alteration and sea level rise.

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