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首页> 美国政府科技报告 >Horizontal Concentration in the Cable Television Industry: An Experimental Analysis. 35 OPP Working Paper Series. Revision
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Horizontal Concentration in the Cable Television Industry: An Experimental Analysis. 35 OPP Working Paper Series. Revision

机译：有线电视行业的横向集中度：实验分析。 35 Opp工作论文系列。调整

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摘要

The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) recently initiated a rulemaking proceeding to examine, among other things, the subscriber (horizontal ownership) limits that apply to cable operators. This study employs economic theory and experimental economics to shed light on the effect of changes in horizontal concentration among cable operators on the flow of programming to consumers. The study was designed to complement the information and analyses provided in the comments filed in the FCCs rulemaking proceeding. Experimental economics involves the study of the interactions among market participants in a controlled laboratory setting. Conducting an economic experiment requires a set of agents (e.g., buyers, sellers), an environment in which they must make individual decisions (e.g., complete a trade), and a method of assessing the results of the decisions made by these economic agents. The experimental study began with the creation of a market that parallels the market in which buyers (i.e., Multichannel Video Programming Distributors (MVPDs) and sellers (i.e., programming networks)) negotiate affiliate fees. To this end, buyers were assigned valuations for the programming networks and a set of costs. Valuations reflected the additional subscriber and local advertising revenue buyers would earn from carrying the programming networks. Sellers were assigned a set of costs and a schedule that shows the revenue they would receive if they conducted a trade with a particular buyer. This financial payment represented the revenue the programming network would earn from selling national advertising time if a given MVPD carried it. In the naturally occurring market, buyers and sellers conduct trades through a sequential, multi-lateral bargaining process. Using a set of networked computers and computer software, buyers and sellers were given the opportunity to employ this process to negotiate mutually acceptable affiliate fees. Negotiations consisted of buyers submitting one or more bids to buy to sellers, and sellers submitting one or more offers to sell to buyers. A buyers bid represented the maximum amount the buyer would pay a seller for the right to carry a programming network. A sellers offer represented the minimum amount for which the seller would grant the buyer the right to carry its programming network. The bids to buy and offers to sell were only disclosed to the parties to which they were directed. Participants were permitted to negotiate simultaneously with multiple parties and were permitted to conduct a trade at any time within a given trading period.

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