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首页> 美国政府科技报告 >Comparative Toxicity Testing of Selected Benthic and Epibenthic Organisms for the Development of Sediment Quality Test Protocols
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Comparative Toxicity Testing of Selected Benthic and Epibenthic Organisms for the Development of Sediment Quality Test Protocols

机译：选定底栖生物和底栖生物的比较毒性试验用于开发沉积物质量检测方案

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Sediment contamination has resulted in the need to develop an appropriate suite of toxicity tests to assess ecotoxicological impacts on estuarine ecosystems. Existing Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) protocols recommend a number of test organisms, including amphipods, polychaetes, molluscs, crustaceans and fish for use in sediment toxicity tests. While this suite of test animals represents a diverse group of fauna, many of the species recommended by the EPA are not indigenous to all geographic regions of the United States, particularly the Gulf of Mexico and South Atlantic. As a result, environmental risk assessment based on these organisms may not adequately protect ecosystem health in the Gulf of Mexico. Ideally, appropriate test organisms to evaluate sediment toxicity should include species indigenous to the Gulf of Mexico that are representative of a variety of faunal classes and feeding types. Additionally, the toxicity test endpoints should include both lethal (mortality) and sublethal (reproduction, growth, physiological impairment) effects and they should be sensitive to either porewater and/or whole sediment exposures for all major classes of chemical contaminants (trace metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), pesticides). Finally, test species should be easy to collect and maintain in the laboratory. This study examined the relative sensitivity of a variety of test organisms, broadly distributed throughout the southeastern United States and the Gulf of Mexico to several classes of chemical contaminants in both whole sediment and aqueous/porewater exposures. Additionally, several rapid screening assays were compared with these more traditional toxicity evaluations. The three model contaminants selected for study were cadmium (an inorganic toxicant), DDT (a persistent organochlorine pesticide) and fluoranthene (a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)). These compounds represent contaminants frequently measured in sediments throughout the Gulf of Mexico.

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