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首页> 美国政府科技报告 >Kostnadseffektiv Rushtrafikk. Nytten av Veikapasitet, Koeprising og Kollektivsatsing (Cost Effective Peak Traffic. Benefits of Road Capacity, Congestion Pricing and Public Transport Improvements).
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Kostnadseffektiv Rushtrafikk. Nytten av Veikapasitet, Koeprising og Kollektivsatsing (Cost Effective Peak Traffic. Benefits of Road Capacity, Congestion Pricing and Public Transport Improvements).

机译：Kostnadseffektiv Rushtrafikk。 Nytten av Veikapasitet，Koeprising og Kollektivsatsing（具有成本效益的高峰交通。道路容量，拥堵定价和公共交通改善的好处）。

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Optimum transport policy is analyzed with reference to commuting from a suburb to a city center. An objective function that can be interpreted as (social surplus) is used to define the optimum policy. Policy instruments are congestion charge on cars and fare, frequency and capacity per departure for public transport, and solutions are constrained to equilibria. Benefits of infrastructure measures are estimated and compared for different (first best) and (second best) solutions. The difficulty of compensating for the absence of congestion charging by other means is clearly evident. Within the same framework the authors also confront the issue of (good) and (vicious) circles and Downs-Thompson's hypothesis on the futility of increasing road capacity. (Good) and (vicious) circles are clearly present in the model. The results with respect to impacts of increased road capacity are that only in very special situations will the benefits be zero or negative.

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