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Carboxylate ion pairing with alkali-metal ions for β-Lactoglobulin and its role on aggregation and interfacial adsorption

机译:羧酸盐离子与碱金属离子配对用于β-乳球蛋白及其在聚集和界面吸附中的作用

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摘要

We report a combined experimental and computational study of the whey protein β-lactoglobulin (BLG) in different electrolyte solutions. Vibrational sum-frequency generation (SFG) and ellipsometry were used to investigate the molecular structure of BLG modified air–water interfaces as a function of LiCl, NaCl, and KCl concentrations. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and thermodynamic integration provided details of the ion pairing of protein surface residues with alkali-metal cations. Our results at pH 6.2 indicate that BLG at the air–water interface forms mono- and bilayers preferably at low and high ionic strength, respectively. Results from SFG spectroscopy and ellipsometry are consistent with intimate ion pairing of alkali-metal cations with aspartate and glutamate carboxylates, which is shown to be more effective for smaller cations (Li+ and Na+). MD simulations show not only carboxylate–alkali-metal ion pairs but also ion multiplets with the alkali-metal ion in a bridging position between two or more carboxylates. Consequently, alkali-metal cations can bridge carboxylates not only within a monomer but also between monomers, thus providing an important dimerization mechanism between hydrophilic surface patches.
机译:我们报告了乳清蛋白β-乳球蛋白(BLG)在不同电解质溶液中的组合实验和计算研究。振动和频产生(SFG)和椭偏仪用于研究BLG修饰的空气-水界面的分子结构与LiCl,NaCl和KCl浓度的关系。分子动力学(MD)模拟和热力学积分提供了蛋白质表面残基与碱金属阳离子的离子对的详细信息。我们在pH值为6.2时的结果表明,空气-水界面处的BLG分别形成低和高离子强度的单层和双层。 SFG光谱和椭偏仪得出的结果与碱金属阳离子与天冬氨酸和谷氨酸羧酸盐的紧密离子配对一致,这对较小的阳离子(Li +和Na +)更有效。 MD模拟不仅显示了羧酸盐-碱金属离子对,而且还显示了碱金属离子在两个或多个羧酸盐之间的桥连位置处的离子多重峰。因此,碱金属阳离子不仅可以在单体内部而且可以在单体之间桥接羧酸盐,从而在亲水性表面补丁之间提供重要的二聚机理。

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