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Measuring the sizes, shapes, surface features and rotations of Solar System objects with interferometry

机译：用干涉测量测量太阳系对象的尺寸，形状，表面特征和旋转

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We consider the application of interferometry to measuring the sizes andshapes of small bodies in the solar system that cannot be spatially resolved bytoday's single-dish telescopes. Assuming ellipsoidal shapes, our resultsindicate that interferometers can measure the size of an object to better than15% uncertainty if the limb-darkening is unknown. Assuming a Minnaertscattering model, one can theoretically derive the limb-darkening parametersfrom simultaneous measurements of visibilities at several different projectedbaseline lengths to improve the size and shape determination to an accuracy ofa few percent. With a 3-D shape model for the dwarf planet Haumea, wedemonstrate that when photometric light curve, visibility light curve, andvisibility phase center displacement are combined, the rotational period andsense of rotation can all be derived, and the rotational pole can be estimated.Because of its elongated shape and the dark red spot, the rotation of Haumeacauses its optical photocenter to move in a loop on the sky, extending of ~80muas without the dark red spot, and ~200 muas with it. Such movements areeasily detectable by space-based astrometric interferometer designed e.g. forplanet detection. As an example, we consider the possible contributions to thestudy of small bodies in the solar system by the Space Interferometry Mission.We show that such a mission could make substantial contributions incharacterizing the fundamental physical properties of the brightest Kuiper BeltObjects and Centaurs as well as a large number of main belt asteroids. Wecompile a list of Kuiper Belt Objects and Centaurs that are potentiallyscientifically interesting and observable by such missions.
机译：我们认为干涉的测定中的应用在太阳能系统无法空间分辨bytoday的单碟望远镜小天体的大小andshapes。假设椭圆形状，我们resultsindicate是干涉仪可以当临边昏暗不明测量物体的大小，以便更好地15个以下不确定性％。假设一个模型Minnaertscattering，可以理论上推导能见度的临边昏暗主要参数的同时测量在几个不同的长度projectedbaseline改善的尺寸和形状确定到OFA百分之几的精度。具有3-d的形状模型为矮行星妊，wedemonstrate，当测光光曲线，可见性光曲线，andvisibility相位中心位移合并，旋转的旋转周期andsense都可以导出，并且旋转杆可被估计。由于其细长的形状和暗红斑，Haumeacauses的旋转的其光学光心在天空上的一个回路移动，80个 MUA的没有暗红色斑点〜的延伸，和〜200个 MUA的它。这种移动通过基于空间的天体测量干涉仪例如设计areeasily检测forplanet检测。作为一个例子，我们考虑了空间干涉Mission.We显示，这样的任务可以使实质性贡献incharacterizing最亮的柯伊伯BeltObjects和半人马的基本物理性能以及一个小团体的thestudy可能作出的贡献太阳系大量主带小行星。 Wecompile的柯伊伯带天体和半人马是由这样的任务potentiallyscientifically有趣的和可观察的名单。

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