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Study of thermal, flammability and mechanical properties of intumescent flame retardant PP/kenaf nanocomposites

机译：膨胀型阻燃PP / keNAF纳米复合材料的热，易燃性和力学性能研究

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Detrimental physical and mechanical properties are common problems for composites when their flame retardancy is improved through filler additions. An increased interest of the synergistic nanoparticle addition to improve the flame retardancy of natural fiber composites is the aim of this work. The paper investigates the synergistic effect of two different nanoparticles (halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) and montmorillonite (MMT) nanoclay) on the flame and mechanical properties in an intumescent ammonium polyphosphate (APP)-based polypropylene (PP)/kenaf composite system. First, the nature of nanoparticle dispersion in PP through X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) reveals that under twin screw compounding process, the partial exfoliation and intercalation have taken place within the nanocomposites. An increase in the decomposition temperature was observed under thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), with the presence of HNT. However, MMT tends to lower the maximum decomposition temperature under inert atmosphere. The flammability analysis in an intumescent flame retardant (IFR) system shows that the suitable amount of high aspect ratio nanoparticles with their exfoliation characteristics effectively helps to reduce the sustained combustion. Even though, improved stiffness properties can be observed with the presence of increased filler content, particle agglomeration tends to reduce the mechanical strengths of these composites due to low compatibilization and crack propagation.
机译：通过填料添加剂改善其阻燃性改善，有害的物理和力学性能是复合材料的常见问题。增强纳米粒子的兴趣增加，以改善天然纤维复合材料的阻燃性是这项工作的目的。本文研究了两种不同纳米颗粒（Holloysite Nanitubes（HNT）和蒙脱石（MMT）纳米粘土）对膨胀铵（APP）的聚丙烯（PP）/ keNAF复合体系中的火焰和机械性能的协同效应。首先，通过X射线衍射（XRD）和透射电子显微镜（TEM）在PP中的纳米粒子分散体的性质显示，在双螺杆复合过程下，在纳米复合材料中取出部分剥离和插层。在热量分析（TGA）下观察分解温度的增加，存在HNT。然而，MMT倾向于降低惰性气氛下的最大分解温度。膨胀型阻燃剂（IFR）系统中的可燃性分析表明，合适量的具有剥离特性的高纵横比纳米粒子有效有助于减少持续燃烧。即使，通过存在增加的填充物含量的存在，可以观察到改善的刚度特性，由于低相容性和裂纹繁殖，颗粒聚集倾向于降低这些复合材料的机械强度。

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