Three-axis computer numerical control (CNC) milling machines have a wide range of application in practical processing. The error transfer principle of machine tools is an important factor to improve the precision of machine tools. Based on multibody system theory and homogeneous transformation matrix theory, a geometrical error model of three-axis CNC milling machines is proposed in this paper. In addition, the global sensitivity analysis of machine tool errors was carried out to identify important errors. The analysis model has two layers of higher dimensional integration; hence, in the aim of solving this issue, a multiplication dimension reduction method was used in this paper. By this means, a one-dimensional integration model was obtained, and sensitivity analysis of machine tool geometric errors was realized. The present work provides a good theoretical basis for the optimization design and error compensation of machine tools.
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