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A neural network model for the development of simple and complex cell receptive fields within cortical maps of orientation and ocular dominance

机译：一种神经网络模型，用于在方向和眼睛偏置的皮质地图中发展简单和复杂的细胞接受领域

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Prenatal development of the primary visual cortex leads to simple cells with spatially distinct and oriented ON and OFF subregions. These simple cells are organized into spatial maps of orientation and ocular dominance that exhibit singularities, fractures, and linear zones. On a finer spatial scale, simple cells occur that are sensitive to similar orientations but opposite contrast polarities, and exhibit both even-symmetric and odd-symmetric receptive fields. Pooling of outputs from oppositely polarized simple cells leads to complex cells that respond to both contrast polarities. A neural network model is described which simulates how simple and complex cells self-organize starting from unsegregated and unoriented geniculocortical inputs during prenatal development. Neighboring simple cells that are sensitive to opposite contrast polarities develop from a combination of spatially short-range inhibition and high-gain recurrent habituative excitation between cells that obey membrane equations. Habituation, or depression, of synapses controls reset of cell activations both through enhanced ON responses and OFF antagonistic rebounds. Orientation and ocular dominance maps form when high-gain medium-range recurrent excitation and long-range inhibition interact with the short-range mechanisms. The resulting structure clarifies how simple and complex cells contribute to perceptual processes such as texture segregation and perceptual grouping.
机译：产前初级视觉皮层的发育导致简单的细胞具有空间上不同且定向的ON和OFF子区域。这些简单的细胞被组织成具有奇异性，断裂和线性区域的取向和眼部优势的空间图。在更精细的空间尺度上，会出现对相似方向敏感但相反极性相反的简单细胞，并显示偶数对称和奇数对称的接受场。来自相反极化的简单单元的输出池会导致对两个对比极性都做出响应的复杂单元。描述了一个神经网络模型，该模型可模拟简单和复杂的细胞在产前发育过程中如何从未分离且未定向的成皮细胞输入开始自我组织。相邻的简单细胞对相反极性的极性敏感，这是由空间近距离抑制和遵循膜方程的细胞之间的高增益反复习惯性刺激共同产生的。突触的习性或抑制通过增强的ON响应和OFF拮抗反弹来控制细胞激活的复位。当高增益中程复发性刺激和长程抑制与短程机制相互作用时，便会形成取向和眼部优势图。产生的结构阐明了简单和复杂的细胞如何促进诸如纹理分离和感知分组的感知过程。

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