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首页> 外文OA文献 >Coseismic Slip and Afterslip of the Great M_w 9.15 Sumatra–Andaman Earthquake of 2004
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Coseismic Slip and Afterslip of the Great M_w 9.15 Sumatra–Andaman Earthquake of 2004

机译：2004年苏门答腊-安达曼大地震M_w 9.15地震的震级和余波

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We determine coseismic and the first-month postseismic deformation associated with the Sumatra–Andaman earthquake of 26 December 2004 from near- field Global Positioning System (GPS) surveys in northwestern Sumatra and along the Nicobar-Andaman islands, continuous and campaign GPS measurements from Thailand and Malaysia, and in situ and remotely sensed observations of the vertical motion of coral reefs. The coseismic model shows that the Sunda subduction megathrust ruptured over a distance of about 1500 km and a width of less than 150 km, releasing a total moment of 6.7–7.0 x 10^(22) N m, equivalent to a magnitude M_w 9.15. The latitudinal distribution of released moment in our model has three distinct peaks at about 4° N, 7° N, and 9° N, which compares well to the latitudinal variations seen in the seismic inversion and of the analysis of radiated T waves. Our coseismic model is also consistent with interpretation of normal modes and with the amplitude of very-long-period surface waves. The tsunami predicted from this model fits relatively well the altimetric measurements made by the JASON and TOPEX satellites. Neither slow nor delayed slip is needed to explain the normal modes and the tsunami wave. The near-field geodetic data that encompass both coseismic deformation and up to 40 days of postseismic deformation require that slip must have continued on the plate interface after the 500-sec-long seismic rupture. The postseismic geodetic moment of about 2.4 x 10^(22) N m (M_w 8.8) is equal to about 30 ± 5% of the coseismic moment release. Evolution of postseismic deformation is consistent with rate-strengthening frictional afterslip.
机译：我们根据苏门答腊西北部和尼科巴-安达曼群岛沿岸的近场全球定位系统（GPS）调查，以及泰国的连续GPS和运动GPS测量，确定与2004年12月26日苏门答腊-安达曼地震有关的同震和第一个月后地震变形和马来西亚，以及珊瑚礁垂直运动的原位和遥感观测。同震模型表明，Sun他俯冲超大推力在大约1500 km的距离和小于150 km的宽度上破裂，释放的总弯矩为6.7–7.0 x 10 ^（22）N m，相当于M_w 9.15量级。在我们的模型中，释放力矩的纬度分布在大约4°N，7°N和9°N处具有三个不同的峰，这与地震反演和辐射T波分析中的纬度变化比较好。我们的同震模型也与正常模式的解释以及非常长周期的表面波的振幅一致。从该模型预测的海啸相对较好地拟合了JASON和TOPEX卫星进行的高度测量。不需要缓慢或延迟的滑动来解释正常模式和海啸波。包含同震变形和长达40天的地震后变形的近场大地测量数据要求，在500秒长的地震破裂后，板块界面上必须继续存在滑动。地震后大地矩约为2.4 x 10 ^（22）N m（M_w 8.8），大约等于同震矩释放量的30±5％。后震变形的演化与速率增强的摩擦后滑一致。

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