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Interactions between endogenous and dietary antioxidants against Pb-induced oxidative stress in wild ungulates from a Pb polluted mining area

机译：铅污染矿区野生有蹄类动物中内源性抗氧化剂和饮食抗氧化剂之间的相互作用，以对抗铅诱导的氧化应激

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摘要

Certain physiologic disorders, attributed to lead (Pb) exposure are related to the generation of oxidative stress. Organisms rely on a complex antioxidant system, composed of endogenously produced compounds such as glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and GSH peroxidase (GPX); and dietary antioxidants such as vitamins A and E. The aim of this work was to study the interactions between both groups of antioxidants and to evaluate their role in fighting Pb-induced oxidative stress in wild ungulates living in a Pb mining area. We studied red deer (n = 54) and wild boar (n = 60) from mining and control sites. Liver Pb, copper (Cu) and selenium (Se) levels were measured in liver and bone. Levels of GSH, oxidized GSH (GSSG), lipid peroxidation (TBARS), α-tocopherol, free retinol and retinyl esters, and the activities of SOD and GPX were measured in liver. Wild boar and red deer from the mining sites had higher bone (geometric means: 7.36 vs. 1.23μg/g dw for boar; and 0.46 vs. 0.11μg/g dw for deer) and liver Pb levels (0.81 vs. 0.24μg/g dw for boar; and 0.35 vs. 0.11μg/g dw for deer) than the controls. Pb exposure in deer was associated with lower GSH, α-tocopherol and retinyl esters, and higher free retinol and TBARS. A similar effect on vitamin A balance was observed in wild boar, but this was accompanied with an increase in GSH and α-tocopherol. GPX activity and Se levels were higher in wild boar (mean in controls: 670. IU/mg protein and 1.3μg/g dw, respectively) than in red deer (150. IU/mg protein and 0.3μg/g). These differences may indicate that red deer is more sensitive to Pb-induced oxidative stress than wild boar. Both endogenous and nutritional antioxidants may be negatively affected by Pb exposure, and their interactions are essential to fight against Pb-mediated oxidative damage.
机译：归因于铅（Pb）暴露的某些生理疾病与氧化应激的产生有关。生物体依赖于复杂的抗氧化剂系统，该系统由内源性化合物如谷胱甘肽（GSH），超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和GSH过氧化物酶（GPX）组成；以及饮食中的抗氧化剂，例如维生素A和E。这项工作的目的是研究两组抗氧化剂之间的相互作用，并评估它们在对抗Pb矿区野生有蹄类动物中Pb诱导的氧化应激中的作用。我们研究了采矿和控制地点的马鹿（n = 54）和野猪（n = 60）。在肝脏和骨骼中测量了肝中铅，铜（Cu）和硒（Se）的水平。在肝脏中测量了GSH，氧化GSH（GSSG），脂质过氧化（TBARS），α-生育酚，游离视黄醇和视黄酯的水平，以及SOD和GPX的活性。来自矿区的野猪和马鹿的骨骼较高（几何平均数：公猪为7.36比1.23μg/ g dw；鹿为0.46 vs.0.11μg/ g dw）和肝Pb水平（0.81对0.24μg/公猪为d dw；鹿为0.35vs.0.11μg/ g dw）。鹿中的铅暴露与较低的GSH，α-生育酚和视黄酯以及较高的游离视黄醇和TBARS有关。在野猪中也观察到了对维生素A平衡的类似作用，但是伴随着GSH和α-生育酚的增加。野猪的GPX活性和硒水平较高（对照组中分别为670. IU / mg蛋白和1.3μg/ g dw），比马鹿（150. IU / mg蛋白和0.3μg/ g）要高。这些差异可能表明马鹿比野猪对铅诱导的氧化应激更敏感。内源性和营养性抗氧化剂都可能受到铅暴露的负面影响，它们的相互作用对于抵抗铅介导的氧化损伤至关重要。

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