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首页> 外文OA文献 >Energy use in buildings and design requirements. The energy costs and financial costs of building materials, structures and space heating, the detailed patterns of use of heating systems in dwellings, and their interactions: their implications for design.
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Energy use in buildings and design requirements. The energy costs and financial costs of building materials, structures and space heating, the detailed patterns of use of heating systems in dwellings, and their interactions: their implications for design.

机译：建筑中的能源使用和设计要求。建筑材料，结构和空间供暖的能源成本和财务成本，住宅中加热系统的详细使用方式及其相互作用：它们对设计的影响。

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摘要

The primary energy costs of building materials and structuresudare discussed and comparisons are made between typical dwellingudtypes.udThe economics of alternative wall, roof and floor constructions,udproviding various levels of insulationy are examined. Costs areudassessed for a number of periods from 1970 to early 1980 forudheating by gas and night rate electricity. The effect of priceudchanges-on the economic attractiveness of insulation isudinvestigated and the likely effects of future price rises areudconsidered. It is concluded that, in certain circumstances,udhigher levels of insulation than those normally used in the UKudhave been economically attractive for the last few years and mayudpossibly become more so.udA survey of over fifty local authority houses with centraludheating, carried out by the author in Spring 1978, is described.udThree types of houses of similar size were involved, havingudgas-fired 'wet' systems, and ducted warm air heating fromudelectric storage and gas-fired units respectively. The surveyudwas designed to determine certain aspects of occupant behaviourudrelevant to fuel consumption. Using regression techniques,udrelationships are obtained which explain more than two thirds ofudthe variance of mean useful energy input rate between the housesudof a given type in cold weather in terms of hours of use of centraludheating window opening habits, and for warm air heating, theudclosing of outlet registers. It was also revealed that for theudhouse types with gas-fired heating the number of hours of use ofudthe central heating was strongly influenced by household sizeudand occupancy patterns.udThe implications for building design of the effects of occupantudbehaviour and of financial and energy costs are discussed.
机译：讨论了建筑材料和结构的一次能源成本，并比较了典型的住宅 udtypes。 ud检查了替代墙壁，屋顶和地板结构的经济性，提供了不同级别的隔热材料。在1970年至1980年初的多个时期内，对天然气和夜间电费的成本进行了评估。研究了价格变化对隔热材料的经济吸引力的影响，并考虑了未来价格上涨的可能影响。结论是，在某些情况下，比英国通常使用的绝缘级别更高的绝缘在过去几年中在经济上具有吸引力，并且可能可能变得更加如此。 ud对50多个具有中央位置的地方政府房屋的调查描述了作者在1978年春季进行的 udheating。 ud涉及了三种类型的类似房屋，具有 udgas燃烧的“湿”系统，以及通过 udelectric储藏室和燃气单元输送的暖空气分别。该调查旨在确定与燃油消耗无关的乘员行为的某些方面。使用回归技术，可以得到，，“教学关系”，以中心，-，--－ －－－－－－－ －－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－ －－－－－-对于暖风加热，关闭出风口。还显示出，对于带燃气供暖的 househouse类型 ud中央供暖的使用小时数强烈地受到住户人数 udand占用模式的影响。 ud对于居住者影响的建筑设计 udbehaviour以及财务和能源成本。

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    Sansam Robert Verdon;

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  • 年度 1981
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