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Functional Materials Based on Surface Modification of Carbon Nanotubes for Biomedical and Environmental Applications

机译：用于生物医学和环境应用的基于碳纳米管表面改性的功能材料

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摘要

Since the discovery of carbon nanotubes (CNTs), they have gained muchudinterest in many science and engineering fields. The modification of CNTs byudintroducing different functional groups to their surface is important for CNTs to beudtailored to fit the need of specific applications. This dissertation presents severaludCNT-based systems that can provide biomedical and environmental advantages.udIn this research, polyethylenimine (PEI) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) were usedudto coat CNTs through hydrogen bonding. The release of doxorubicin (DOX, an anticanceruddrug) from this system was controlled by temperature. This system representsuda promising method for incorporating stimuli triggered polymer-gated CNTs inudcontrolled release applications.udTo create an acid responsive system CNTs were coated with 1,2-Distearoyl-snglycero-ud3-Phosphoethanolamine-N-[Amino(Polyethylene glycol)2000]-(PE-PEG) andudPoly(acrylic acid) modified dioleoy lphosphatidyl-ethanolamine (PE-PAA). An acidlabileudlinker was used to cross-link PAA, forming ALP@CNTs, thus making theudsystem acid sensitive. The release of DOX from ALP@CNTs was found to be higherudin an acidic environment. Moreover, near infrared (NIR) light was used to enhanceudthe release of DOX from ALP@CNTs. A CNT-based membrane with controlled diffusion was prepared in the nextudstudy. CNTs were used as a component of a cellulose/gel membrane due to theirudoptical property, which allows them to convert NIR light into heat. Poly(Nisopropylacrylamide)ud(PNIPAm) was used due to its thermo-sensitivity. Theudproperties of both the CNTs and PNIPAm’s were used to control the diffusion of theudcargo from the system, under the influence of NIR.udCNTs were also used to fabricate an antibacterial agent, for which they wereudcoated with polydopamine (PDA) and decorated with silver particles (Ag). Galactoseud(Gal) terminated with thiol groups conjugated with the above system was used toudstrengthen the bacterial targeting ability. The antibacterial activity ofudAg/Gal@PDA@CNTs was examined on Escherichia coli. NIR was used to enhanceudthe antibacterial activity of Ag/Gal@PDA@CNTs.udFinally, CNTs were used as a support for methyl orange (MO) and palladiumudcatalysts (Pd). MO was used due to its ability to enhance the catalyst activity.udPd@CNTs composites were used to test the reduction rate of nitrite with and withoutudthe addition MO. The results showed that over repeated cycles of nitrite reduction, theudactivity enhancement was lost.udIn summary, CNTs are promising building blocks for preparation of smart andudstimuli responsive systems that have potential for a wide range of applications. Theudmethods presented are simple and can be scaled up for industrial processing purposes.
机译：自从发现碳纳米管（CNTs）以来，它们在许多科学和工程领域引起了人们的极大兴趣。通过在表面上引入不同的官能团对CNT进行修饰，对于CNT的满足特定应用的需求是重要的。本文介绍了几种基于udCNT的体系，可以提供生物医学和环境方面的优势。在本研究中，使用聚乙烯亚胺（PEI）和聚乙烯醇（PVA）通过氢键包覆CNT。温度控制该系统中阿霉素（DOX，一种抗癌药物）的释放。该系统代表了一种有前途的方法，该方法可将刺激触发的聚合物门控CNT并入 ud受控释放应用中。聚乙二醇）2000]-（PE-PEG）和聚（丙烯酸）改性的二油基磷脂酰乙醇胺（PE-PAA）。使用对酸不稳定的 udlinker交联PAA，形成ALP @ CNT，从而使 udsystem对酸敏感。发现在酸性环境中，ALP @ CNTs释放的DOX较高。此外，近红外（NIR）光用于增强DOX从ALP @ CNT的释放。在接下来的研究中，制备了具有受控扩散的基于CNT的膜。碳纳米管由于具有非常规性质而被用作纤维素/凝胶膜的成分，这使它们能够将近红外光转换为热量。由于其热敏性，使用了聚（N异丙基丙烯酰胺） ud（PNIPAm）。在NIR的影响下，CNT和PNIPAm的 ud性质均用于控制 udcargo从系统中的扩散。 udCNTs还用于制备抗菌剂，并为此涂了聚多巴胺（PDA） ）并用银颗粒（Ag）装饰。用与上述系统结合的巯基封端的半乳糖（ud）（Gal）用于增强细菌靶向能力。在大肠杆菌中检测了 udAg / Gal @ PDA @ CNTs的抗菌活性。最后，NIR增强了Ag / Gal @ PDA @ CNTs的抗菌活性。最后，CNTs被用作甲基橙（MO）和钯/ ud催化剂（Pd）的载体。使用MO是由于其具有增强催化剂活性的能力。 udPd @ CNTs复合材料用于测试添加和不添加MO时亚硝酸盐的还原率。结果表明，在重复的亚硝酸盐还原循环中，失去了 ududity增强。提出的 udmethods很简单，可以扩展到工业处理目的。

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    Mashat Afnan;

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  • 年度 2015
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