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首页> 外文OA文献 >Resistance to the cereal cyst nematode (Heterodera avenae) transferred from the wild grass Aegilops ventricosa to hexaploid wheat by a 'stepping-stone' procedure
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Resistance to the cereal cyst nematode (Heterodera avenae) transferred from the wild grass Aegilops ventricosa to hexaploid wheat by a 'stepping-stone' procedure

机译：通过“踏脚石”方法对从野生草鸡油草转入六倍体小麦的谷物囊肿线虫（Heterodera avenae）的抗性

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摘要

Transfer of resistance toHeterodera avenae, the cereal cyst nematode (CCN), by a stepping-stoneprocedure from the wild grassAegilops ventricosa to hexaploid wheat has been demonstrated. The number of nematodes per plant was lower, and reached a plateau much earlier, in the resistant introgression line H93-8 (1–2 nematodes per plant) than in the recipient H10-15 wheat (14–16 nematodes per plant). Necrosis (hypersensitive reaction) near the nematode, little cell fusion, and few, often degraded syncytia were observed in infested H93-8 roots, while abundant, well-formed syncytia were present in the susceptible H10-15 wheat. Line H93-8 was highly resistant to the two Spanish populations tested, as well as the four French races (Fr1-Fr4), and the British pathotype Hall, but was susceptible to the Swedish pathotypes HgI and HgIII. Resistance was inherited as though determined by a single quasi-dominant factor in the F2 generations resulting from crosses of H93-8 with H10-15 and with Loros, a resistant wheat carrying the geneCre1 (syn.Ccn1). The resistance gene in H93-8 (Cre2 orCcn2) is not allelic with respect to that in Loros. RFLPs and other markers, together with the cytogenetical evidence, indicate that theCre2 gene has been integrated into a wheat chromosome without affecting its meiotic pairing ability. Introduction ofCre2 by backcrossing into a commercial wheat backgroud increases grain yield when under challenge by the nematode and is not detrimental in the absence of infestation.
机译：已经证明了通过踏脚石程序从野草埃格氏菌到六倍体小麦的抗性转移到谷类杂草线虫（CCN）。在抗性渗入系H93-8（每株植物1-2个线虫）中，每株植物的线虫数量要少得多，并且达到了稳定的平台，比接受者H10-15小麦（每株14-16个线虫）要早。在受侵染的H93-8根中，观察到线虫附近的坏死（过敏反应），几乎没有细胞融合，合胞体很少，经常退化的合胞体，而易感的H10-15小麦中存在大量，形态良好的合胞体。 H93-8品系对测试的两个西班牙人群以及四个法国人种族（Fr1-Fr4）和英国病原体霍尔具有高度抗性，但易受瑞典病原体HgI和HgIII的影响。抗药性是由H93-8与H10-15和携带基因Cre1（合成Ccn1）的抗性小麦Loros杂交产生的F2代中的一个单一主导因子决定的。 H93-8中的抗性基因（Cre2或Ccn2）相对于Loros中的抗性基因不是等位基因。 RFLP和其他标记物以及细胞遗传学证据表明，Cre2基因已经整合到小麦染色体中，而不会影响其减数分裂配对能力。在遭受线虫攻击时，通过回交进入商业小麦背景而引入Cre2可以提高谷物产量，并且在没有侵染的情况下也不会有害。

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