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Isomoprhic Pressures and the European Union: The Transfer of Public Accountability Organizations to the Supranational Level

机译：同构压力与欧洲联盟：公共问责组织向超国家层面的转移

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摘要

This research study addresses questions of institutional creation and change and contributes to two bodies of literature, namely, institutional theory and European Union politics. The broad question it asks is why different political systems contain similar institutions. I am specifically concerned with institutional similarities between the European Union and its member states. To provide an answer, I have conducted two extensive case studies, on the European Court of Auditors and the Office of the European Ombudsman. Both are European Union bodies which belong to a specific class of governmental institutions, namely independent organizations responsible for public accountability. I examine the two cases comparatively, in order to evaluate the explanatory power of the theory of institutional isomorphism against alternative perspectives on the basis of qualitative data, mainly official documents and elite interviews. Isomorphic theory asserts that similarities among different systems can be explained by the exercise of homogenizing pressures by actors. I examine which of the three main forces proposed by the theory are necessary to explain institutional similarity. On the basis of the two case studies, I find that the collusion of coercive pressures from member state governments and tendencies of EU institutions to mimic member state practices is a necessary condition for the transfer of institutions to the European Union structure.
机译：这项研究致力于解决制度创建和变革的问题，并为制度理论和欧盟政治这两个文学体系做出了贡献。它提出的广泛问题是，为什么不同的政治体系包含相似的制度。我特别关注欧盟与其成员国之间的制度相似性。为了提供答案，我在欧洲审计法院和欧洲监察员办公室进行了两个广泛的案例研究。这两个都是欧盟机构，属于特定类别的政府机构，即负责公共问责的独立组织。我比较地考察了这两种情况，以便在定性数据（主要是官方文件和精英访谈）的基础上，评估制度同构理论相对替代观点的解释力。同构理论断言，不同系统之间的相似性可以通过参与者进行均质化压力来解释。我研究了该理论提出的三个主要力量中的哪一个是解释制度相似性所必需的。在这两个案例研究的基础上，我发现来自成员国政府的强制性压力和欧盟机构模仿成员国做法的趋向合谋是机构向欧盟结构转移的必要条件。

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  • 作者

    Kourtikakis Konstantinos;

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  • 年度 2007
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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 en
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