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首页> 外文OA文献 >ECONOMIC DIFFERENTIATION IN HONGSHAN CORE ZONE COMMUNITIES (NORTHEASTERN CHINA): A GEOCHEMICAL PERSPECTIVE
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ECONOMIC DIFFERENTIATION IN HONGSHAN CORE ZONE COMMUNITIES (NORTHEASTERN CHINA): A GEOCHEMICAL PERSPECTIVE

机译：红山核心区社区（中国东北）的经济分化：地球化学的观点

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Region-wide, systematic investigations were carried out in the Hongshan periphery and core zone to investigate how the earliest chiefly polities in northeastern China came into being. Possible causal factors, such as high levels of regional populations and intra-community conflict, were rejected by those regional survey projects. Economic or productive differentiation as an alternative and plausible explanation was proposed in this research background to explain the greater and more impressive material culture in the Hongshan core zone. Seeing pottery networks as a most direct indicator for economic interdependence between households, a geochemical study was carried out on 715 sherds selected from 16 Hongshan households in three residential areas (Sanjia, Dongshanzui, and Erbuchi) in the core zone. The geochemical study was complemented by a mineralogical investigation on a smaller sample from the same sherd pool. ududThe results suggested that pottery-making was organized in different residential areas using local raw materials; non-utilitarian vessels were clearly produced with more labor investment and probably a low level of specialization, but they were no different from utilitarian ones in terms of procurement sources of pottery raw materials. Altogether, an ordinary Neolithic village economy is indicated for Hongshan core zone communities.ududThe pottery distribution patterns suggested a wide and open pottery network crossing different neighborhoods, residential areas, and political entities. Economic connections were clearly established between Hongshan households from a few nearby districts, and the transfer of pottery created a chain of interaction that connected one end of the Hongshan zone to the other indirectly and facilitated cultural sharing of styles and other behaviors that helped create the Hongshan culture. In each residential area, a very few households stood out against others for their higher household status, and they all demonstrated a much stronger economic tie with fewer pottery producers. Yet, considering that higher-status households did not have exclusive access to certain pottery producers and nor did they rely strongly on the same producers, control over production and distribution of pottery seems not likely to be the only (or even a major) strategy that some Hongshan individuals or households employed to achieve their eliteness or power.
机译：在红山外围和核心地区进行了全地区的系统调查，以调查中国东北地区最早的主要政体是如何形成的。这些区域调查项目拒绝了可能的因果关系，例如高区域人口和社区内部冲突。在本研究背景中，提出了经济或生产差异作为一种替代性的和合理的解释，以解释红山核心区更大，更令人印象深刻的物质文化。陶器网络是家庭之间经济相互依赖的最直接指标，对核心地区三个居住区（三家，东山嘴和二步池）的16个洪山家庭的715个牧草进行了地球化学研究。对地球化学研究的补充是对同一个矿池中较小样品的矿物学研究的补充。 ud ud结果表明，陶器是使用当地原材料在不同的居民区组织的；显然，非功利船是用更多的劳动力投入生产的，而且专业化程度可能较低，但是就陶瓷原料的采购来源而言，它们与功利船没有什么不同。总体而言，洪山核心区社区是一个普通的新石器时代乡村经济体。 ud ud陶器分布模式表明，陶器网络广泛而开放，跨越了不同的社区，居民区和政治实体。显然，附近几个地区的红山家庭之间建立了经济联系，陶器的转移创造了一个互动链，将红山区域的一端与另一端间接地连接起来，并促进了文化风格和其他行为的共享，从而有助于创建红山。文化。在每个居民区中，极少数家庭因其较高的家庭地位而与其他家庭脱颖而出，并且它们都表现出了更加牢固的经济联系，而陶器生产商却较少。但是，考虑到地位较高的家庭并不能独占某些陶器生产商，也没有强烈依赖同一生产者，因此，控制陶器的生产和分配似乎不是唯一的（甚至是主要的）策略。一些红山个人或家庭被用来实现自己的精英或权力。

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    Li Tao;

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