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Orfee: A bio-economic model to simulate integrated and intensive management of mixed crop-livestock farms and their greenhouse gas emissions

机译：Orfee：一种生物经济模型，可以模拟对农作物-畜牧混合农场及其温室气体排放的综合和集约化管理

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摘要

How do we plan future sustainable livestock farming systems? Some argue that intensive, specialized systems aremore efficient and emit fewer pollutants; others claim that integrated, diversified farming systems are morebeneficial to both society and the environment. Bio-economic farm models can help decision-makers and researchersanalyze the trade-offs among the numerous possibilities, and direct future livestock production towardgreater sustainability. The Orfee model described and evaluated here was developed with this aim. It covers abroad range of beef and dairy systems and forage and crop production alternatives that may be managed withvarying levels of intensity (breed, production objective, crop operations, etc.) and integration (crop rotation,organic fertilization, calving period, animal diets, etc.). Capital is also included in the optimization process, withtrade-offs between production, labor, machinery and buildings. Environmental impact is assessed through potentialimpact on climate change.
机译：我们如何计划未来的可持续畜牧业系统？有些人认为密集的专业系统效率更高，排放的污染物更少。其他人则声称，综合的，多样化的耕作制度对社会和环境都有利。生物经济农场模型可以帮助决策者和研究人员分析众多可能性之间的权衡，并将未来的畜牧生产引向更大的可持续性。为此目的开发了此处描述和评估的Orfee模型。它涵盖了国外的牛肉和奶制品系统以及牧草和农作物替代品，可以通过不同强度（品种，生产目标，农作物操作等）和整合（农作物轮作，有机肥，产犊期，动物饲料，等等。）。资本也包括在优化过程中，需要在生产，人工，机械和建筑物之间进行权衡。通过对气候变化的潜在影响来评估环境影响。

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