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Distribution of ant species along an altitudinal transect in continuous rainforest in subtropical Queensland, Australia

机译：澳大利亚亚热带昆士兰州连续性雨林中沿垂直样带的蚂蚁物种分布

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摘要

We present the distributions of ant species along an altitudinal gradient from 300 to 1100 m above sea level (m a.s.l.) within continuous rainforest in subtropical Queensland, Australia. Ants were collected along a single transect from four replicate plots at each of five zones of elevation (300, 500, 700, 900 and 1100 m a.s.l.) using a large array of methods targeting a wide range of microhabitats. These samples yielded a total of 170 ant species, represented by workers or ergatoid queens. A systematic ant sampling protocol, incorporating leaf litter extracts, spraying tree trunks with insecticide and hand collecting, was systematically conducted across all replicate plots in three seasons (spring, summer and autumn) enabling rigorous analysis of altitudinal patterns of species richness and assemblage structure. Species richness progressively declined with increasing altitude, with significant differences in the number of ant species between all zones except 300 and 500 m. Ant assemblages were significantly different among altitudinal zones with a progressive change in structure with increasing altitude between 300 and 900 m. Ant assemblages at 1100 m were markedly different to those at 900 m largely due to a dramatic decline in species richness rather than altitudinally restricted species. Short-term climate warming, therefore, may be of minor direct conservation concern for ants at this location. However, given the clear altitudinal signal of ant assemblages demonstrated here, ants have great potential as indicators of climate change-induced altitudinal range shifts.
机译：我们介绍了在澳大利亚亚热带昆士兰州连续雨林中海拔300至1100 m（a.s.l.）的海拔高度上的蚂蚁物种分布。使用针对广泛的微生境的大量方法，沿着五个高程区域（300、500、700、900和1100 m a.s.l.）中的每一个，从四个重复样地沿单个样条收集蚂蚁。这些样本共产生了170种蚂蚁，以工蚁或类人猿皇后为代表。在三个季节（春季，夏季和秋季）对所有重复样地进行了系统化的蚂蚁采样方案，包括叶子凋落物提取物，向树干喷洒杀虫剂和人工收集，从而能够严格分析物种丰富度和组合结构的垂直模式。物种丰富度随着海拔的升高而逐渐下降，除300和500 m以外，所有区域之间的蚂蚁物种数量均存在显着差异。蚂蚁组合在海拔高度区域之间存在显着差异，随着海拔在300至900 m之间的增加，结构逐渐发生变化。 1100 m处的蚂蚁组合与900 m处的蚂蚁组合明显不同，这主要是由于物种丰富度的急剧下降而不是高度限制的物种。因此，对于此地点的蚂蚁而言，短期的气候变暖可能与保护蚂蚁的重要性无关。但是，鉴于此处显示的清楚的蚂蚁组合高度信号，蚂蚁具有很大的潜力，可作为气候变化引起的海拔范围变化的指标。

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