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首页> 外文OA文献 >Wirtschaftbedingte Vegetationmuster auf Almweiden der Hohen Tauern / Gestion d'un alpage et changement de la végétation dans les Hohe tauern. Autriche
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Wirtschaftbedingte Vegetationmuster auf Almweiden der Hohen Tauern / Gestion d'un alpage et changement de la végétation dans les Hohe tauern. Autriche

机译：Almweiden der Hohe Tauern的基于经济的植被格局/ 高Tauern植被的矮化和变化管理。 Autriche

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摘要

Abstract : Mountain pastures below the alpine treeline are of anthropogenic origin. They have substantial enlarged the area of alpine species. The actual vegetation reflects the nutritive situation of die soil and is a measure of management and productivity. This study deals with an area on the slope of the Ferleiten Valley, which is exposed to die West, situated above the Glockner High Alpine Road in the mountain range of the Tauern, Austria. The vegetation was analysed by measuring frequency along a Transect representing an anthropozoogenic gradient of soil nutrients on an alpine pasture. Nitro- phile forbs which are of no forage value grow in die eutrophic centre of the pasture near to the stable. They are followed by plants adapted to high soil nutrition and poaching pressure. Next to them come relatively valuable forage plants which are rather modest as to soil nutrients. In the next range of the gradient, species indicating calcareous soil, which are of less nutritive value, are dominant. Close to the end of the area dwarf shrubs occur, they create acid organic soil layers. The gradient investigated is characteristic of a mountain pasture which was fairly careful managed in the past. Nutrients have been partially recircled by matters of fertilization. Herbs and shrubs have been controlled, keeping nitrate species limited to the eutrophic sorroundings of the central hut, and dwarf shrubs to the distrophic end of the pasture. At the moment the management is not as good as before, individuals of Rutnex alpinus are invading the open pasture from the entropie side, dwarf shrubs are taking over from the distropic end. The consequence is an increasing polarisation of the vegetation together with a decline of productivity. If this process is to be stopped, one must go back to a careful management again.
机译：摘要：高山林线以下的高山牧场是人为起源。他们大大扩大了高山物种的面积。实际植被反映了裸土的营养状况，是管理和生产力的衡量标准。这项研究针对的是Ferleiten山谷的山坡上的一块区域，该区域暴露于西部，位于奥地利Tauern山脉的Glockner High Alpine Road上方。通过测量代表高寒牧场土壤养分的人为梯度的横断面的频率来分析植被。没有草料价值的硝苯在草场附近的富营养化中心生长。随后是适应高土壤营养和偷猎压力的植物。它们旁边是相对有价值的饲草植物，其土壤养分相当适中。在下一个梯度范围内，营养价值较低的表明钙质土壤的物种占主导地位。在该区域的尽头出现矮灌木，它们形成酸性有机土壤层。所研究的梯度是过去非常谨慎管理的高山牧场的特征。营养因施肥问题而被部分转移。草药和灌木已得到控制，使硝酸盐种类仅限于中央小屋的富营养化周围，矮化灌木至牧场的营养化末端。目前，管理不如以前，阿尔卑斯锦葵个体从熵侧侵入开阔的牧场，矮灌木丛从各向同性的一端接管。结果是植被的两极化加剧，生产力下降。如果要停止此过程，则必须再次回到仔细的管理。

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    Spatz; Fricke; Prock (S.);

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  • 年度 1993
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