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Ruthenium nanocrystal decorated vertical graphene nanosheets@Ni foam as highly efficient cathode catalysts for lithium-oxygen batteries

机译：钌纳米晶体装饰的垂直石墨烯纳米片@镍泡沫作为锂氧电池的高效阴极催化剂

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The electrochemical performance of lithium-oxygen (Li-O) batteries can be markedly improved through designing the architecture of cathode electrodes with sufficient spaces to facilitate the diffusion of oxygen and accommodate the discharge products, and optimizing the cathode catalyst to promote the oxygen reduction reaction and oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Herein, we report the synthesis of ruthenium (Ru) nanocrystal-decorated vertically aligned graphene nanosheets (VGNS) grown on nickel (Ni) foam. As an effective binder-free cathode catalyst for Li-O batteries, the Ru-decorated VGNS@Ni foam can significantly reduce the charge overpotential via the effects on the OER and achieve high specific capacity, leading to an enhanced electrochemical performance. The Ru-decorated VGNS@Ni foam electrode has demonstrated low charge overpotential of ~0.45 V and high reversible capacity of 23 864 mAh g at the current density of 200 mA g, which can be maintained for 50 cycles under full charge and discharge testing condition in the voltage range of 2.0–4.2 V. Furthermore, Ru nanocrystal decorated VGNS@Ni foam can be cycled for more than 200 cycles with a low overpotential of 0.23 V under the capacity curtained to be 1000 mAh g at a current density of 200 mA g. Ru-decorated VGNS@Ni foam electrodes have also achieved excellent high rate and long cyclability performance. This superior electrochemical performance should be ascribed to the unique three-dimensional porous nanoarchitecture of the VGNS@Ni foam electrodes, which provide sufficient pores for the diffusion of oxygen and storage of the discharge product (LiO), and the effective catalytic effect of Ru nanocrystals on the OER, respectively. Ex situ field emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Raman and Fourier transform infrared measurements revealed that Ru-decorated VGNS@Ni foam can effectively decompose the discharge product LiO, facilitate the OER and lead to a high round-trip efficiency. Therefore, Ru-decorated VGNS@Ni foam is a promising cathode catalyst for rechargeable Li-O batteries with low charge overpotential, long cycle life and high specific capacity.
机译：通过设计具有足够空间以促进氧气扩散和容纳放电产物的阴极电极结构，并优化阴极催化剂以促进氧还原反应，可以显着改善锂氧（Li-O）电池的电化学性能。和氧气逸出反应（OER）。在这里，我们报告了在镍（Ni）泡沫上生长的钌（Ru）纳米晶修饰的垂直排列的石墨烯纳米片（VGNS）的合成。作为Li-O电池的有效无粘结剂阴极催化剂，Ru修饰的VGNS @ Ni泡沫可通过对OER的影响显着降低电荷超电势并实现高比容量，从而增强电化学性能。钌修饰的VGNS @ Ni泡沫电极在200 mA g的电流密度下显示出低的充电过电势〜0.45 V和高的可逆容量23 864 mAh g，可以在完全充电和放电测试条件下维持50个循环在2.0–4.2 V的电压范围内，此外，Ru纳米晶装饰的VGNS @ Ni泡沫在200 mA的电流密度下可循环200次以上，低过电势为0.23 V，屏蔽容量为1000 mAh g。 G。钌装饰的VGNS @ Ni泡沫电极还具有出色的高速率和长循环性能。这种优异的电化学性能应归因于VGNS @ Ni泡沫电极的独特三维多孔纳米结构，该结构为氧的扩散和放电产物（LiO）的存储提供了足够的孔，以及Ru纳米晶体的有效催化作用。在OER上分别。异位场发射扫描电子显微镜，X射线衍射，拉曼和傅立叶变换红外测量结果表明，Ru修饰的VGNS @ Ni泡沫可以有效分解放电产物LiO，促进OER并提高往返效率。因此，Ru修饰的VGNS @ Ni泡沫材料是可充电锂-O电池的有前途的阴极催化剂，其低电势，长循环寿命和高比容量。

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