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Translating Heaney : a study of Sweeney astray, The cure at Troy, and Beowulf

机译：希尼翻译：对斯威尼误入歧途，特洛伊的治疗和贝奥武夫的研究

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This thesis examines Seamus Heaney’s approach to translation with specific reference to Sweeney Astray, The Cure at Troy, and Beowulf. An assessment of Heaney’s translations, and the ways in which they relate to his poetry, is essential to an understanding of his work as a poet. This thesis demonstrates the centrality of translation to Heaney’s oeuvre as an effective means to comment on his Northern Irish socio-political context without producing political propaganda. Translation is a valuable means for Heaney to elucidate his contemporary experience by considering it in terms of the recorded past captured within his chosen translations. Instead of comparing the three translations with their original texts, this thesis concentrates on Heaney’s translations as a continuation of his own creative work and as catalysts for further poetry. The translations are explored in chronological order to allow a sense of Heaney’s development as a translator and his efforts to remain critically attuned to the Northern Irish political situation. The first chapter examines Heaney’s translation of the Gaelic poem Buile Suibhne, which is published as Sweeney Astray. In this first major act of translation Heaney recognises the political role that translation is able to play. He draws attention to the protagonist’s sense of cultural ease in both Britain and Ireland, which he argues is exemplary for the people of Ulster and renders the narrative particularly accessible to a Northern Irish readership due to his anglicisation of the text, which is intended as a reminder to both Catholics and Protestants of their shared identity as Irishmen. The second chapter focuses on Heaney’s translation of Sophocles’ Philoctetes, entitled The Cure at Troy. Heaney’s translation contextualises the Ancient Greek concern for personal integrity in the face of political necessity, a situation relevant to his own complex relationship with Northern Irish politics. His alterations to the text accentuate the positive aspects of the play, suggesting the very real possibility of social change within the seemingly constant violence of Northern Ireland. The third chapter explores Heaney’s engagement with the Anglo-Saxon epic poem, Beowulf, as a means of coming to terms with the complex history of Irish colonisation through language. This chapter assesses Heaney’s incorporation of Irish dialectal words into his translation, which lend the poem political weight, and yet prove to be contextually appropriate, rendering Heaney’s Beowulf a masterpiece of readability and subtle political commentary.
机译：本文研究了Seamus Heaney的翻译方法，特别是针对Sweeney Astray，Troy的The Cure和Beowulf。评估Heaney的译文及其与诗歌的联系方式，对于理解他作为诗人的作品至关重要。本文证明了翻译对Heaney作品的重要性，是在不产生政治宣传的情况下评论他的北爱尔兰社会政治背景的有效手段。对于Heaney而言，翻译是一种宝贵的手段，可以根据他选择的译文中记录下来的过去记录来阐释他的当代经历。本文没有将这三种译本与原始文本进行比较，而是将重点放在了希尼的译本上，作为他自己创作的延续，并作为进一步诗歌创作的催化剂。我们按时间顺序对译文进行了探索，以使Heaney成为一名译员，并努力保持与北爱尔兰政治局势的协调，这给他带来了发展的感觉。第一章探讨了希尼对盖尔诗《 Buile Suibhne》的译本，该诗以Sweeney Astray的身份出版。在翻译的第一个主要行为中，Heaney认识到翻译能够发挥的政治作用。他提请注意主角在英国和爱尔兰的文化放松感，他认为这对阿尔斯特（Elster）人民是楷模，并且由于他对文本进行了英语化，因此使叙事对于北爱尔兰读者特别容易理解。提醒天主教徒和新教徒他们共同拥有爱尔兰人身份。第二章重点介绍希尼（Heaney）对Sophocles的Philoctetes的翻译，题为《特洛伊的治愈》。希尼（Heaney）的翻译将古希腊人在面对政治必要性时对人身完整的关注与背景联系起来，这种情况与他与北爱尔兰政治的复杂关系有关。他对文字的改动突显了戏剧的积极方面，暗示了在北爱尔兰看似持续的暴力中，社会变革的真正可能性。第三章探讨了希尼与盎格鲁-撒克逊史诗《贝奥武夫》的参与，以此作为通过语言来了解爱尔兰殖民时期复杂历史的一种手段。本章评估希尼（Heaney）在其翻译中融入了​​爱尔兰方言单词，这赋予了诗以政治色彩，但被证明在上下文中是恰当的，使希尼（Heaney）的贝奥武夫（Beowulf）成为可读性和微妙政治评论的杰作。

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