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Is it possible to determine firearm calibre and shooting range from the examination of gunshot residue in close range gunshot wounds? An experimental study

机译：是否可以通过检查近距离枪伤中的枪支残留物来确定枪支口径和射击距离？实验研究

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Introduction: The aim of the study was determining the type of weapon and shooting distance depending on chemical analysis of inorganic gunshot residue from the skin gunshot wounds in experimental animals (pigs).Methods: Experimental study was conducted in order to determine components and their percentage in gunshot residue (GSR). In 60 samples, pig skin was shot by fi ring projectiles from four different weapons and from three different distances (contact wound and near contact wound from 5 cm and 10 cm). The methodology included determining the presence of inorganic material: antimony, barium, lead, nickel, zinc and copper in the skin and subcutaneous tissue using atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS).Results: Formula for determining weapon type was provided cutt-off points for different weapons, with 78.6% of original grouped cases being correctly classifi ed. Formula for determining weapon type was provided cutt-off points for different distances, with 58.9% of original grouped cases being correctly classified, which was slightly less reliable compared to weapon type discrimination analysis.Conclusion: The presented study showed that chemical analysis of GSR in entrance wound with AAS could be useful in determining the type of weapon, as well as the shooting distance, i.e. in our study, determiningwhether the wound is contact or near contact. This could be particularly useful in postmortally putrefi ed or charred bodies with gunshot wounds.
机译：简介：本研究的目的是根据对实验动物（猪）皮肤枪伤中无机枪支残留物的化学分析来确定武器的类型和射击距离。方法：进行实验研究以确定成分及其百分比在枪击残留物（GSR）中。在60个样本中，猪的皮肤被四个不同武器和三个不同距离（接触伤口和5 cm和10 cm的近距离接触伤口）的射弹射击。该方法包括使用原子吸收分光光度法（AAS）测定皮肤和皮下组织中无机材料的存在：锑，钡，铅，镍，锌和铜。结果：提供了用于确定武器类型的公式作为不同物质的临界点武器，正确分类了原始分组案件中的78.6％。提供了用于确定武器类型的公式，作为不同距离的分界点，正确分类了原始分组病例的58.9％，与武器类型判别分析相比，可靠性稍差。结论：本研究表明，GSR的化学分析AAS的入口伤口可能有助于确定武器的类型以及射击距离，即在我们的研究中，确定伤口是接触还是接近接触。这在带有枪伤的死尸或烧焦的尸体中可能特别有用。

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