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首页> 外文OA文献 >タイ国中部チャットリー金鉱床の浅熱水性金鉱化作用と斑岩銅－モリブデン鉱化作用の特徴
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タイ国中部チャットリー金鉱床の浅熱水性金鉱化作用と斑岩銅－モリブデン鉱化作用の特徴

机译：泰国中部查特利金矿床的超热金矿化和斑岩铜钼钼矿化特征

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摘要

The Chatree Au-Ag deposit in Petchabun Province, in the central Thailand is an epithermal vein-type deposit in Triassic age. The size and vertical extension of area of gold mineralization is almost 3 km long, 1.5 km wide and 200 m deep. The total production from 2001 to 2013 was 40 tons of gold and 180 tons of silver. Two mineralization styles that are epithermal Au-Ag and porphyry Cu-Mo mineralization are present in the Chatree mining area. Epithermal Au-Ag deposit, such as the Q prospect and A, C, H, D, Kw and Ke pits of the Chatree deposit, is distributed from north to central part. On the other hand, Cu-Mo mineralization is recognized in the N and V prospects in the southern part of the Chatree deposit.Geology around the Chatree epithermal gold deposit is composed of volcanic and sedimentary rocks ranging from Carboniferous through Permian to Triassic. The sedimentary strata of Carboniferous and Permian ages are thought to be present in deeper part of the Chatree deposit. The geology of the Chatree deposit mainly consists of andesite and rhyolite volcanics. The andesitic volcanic rocks are dominant at the lower part of volcanic succession, which includes monomictic andesitic breccia, polymictic andesitic breccia and volcanic sedimentary breccia in ascending order. The rhyolitic tuff unconformably overlies the andesitic volcanic succession. The Au-bearing quartz veins of the Chatree deposit are mainly hosted in polymictic andesitic breccia and volcanic sedimentary breccia.The Au-bearing quartz vein is characterized by veins, veinlets and network-type veins consisting of large amounts of quartz and calcite with small amounts of illite, adularia, chlorite and sulfide minerals. Based on crosscutting relationships of the Au-bearing quartz veins of the A pit and the Q and B prospects, the Au-bearing quartz veins are classified into five stages. Quartz veins of Stage 1 and network-type veins of Stage 4 at A pit and the Q and B prospects are characterized by intense gold mineralization. The quartz veins containing electrum are characterized by microcrystalline and flamboyant textures that suggest rapid crystal growth from supersaturated hydrothermal solution. Coexistence of laumontite and illite in the Au-bearing quartz vein of Stage Q4 at the Q prospect suggests that the Au-bearing quartz vein of Stage Q4 was formed about 200⁰C. Occurrence of boiling is suggested in the Au-bearing quartz veins of Stage Q4 based on the presence of flamboyant texture and higher oxygen isotopic ratio of quartz (15.0‰). The total pressure of formation of the Au-bearing quartz veins of Stage Q4 at the Q prospect is estimated to be approximately 20 bars. The Au-bearing quartz vein of the Q prospect was formed about 200 m below the paleosurface.Cu-Mo mineralization is present in granodiorite porphyry and andesitic volcanic rocks of the N and V prospects at the southern part of the Chatree deposit. The Cu-Mo mineralization took place about 5 Ma (244±1 Ma) later than epithermal gold deposit (250±1 Ma). The quartz veins of Cu-Mo mineralization consist of a large amount of quartz with small amounts of chlorite, pyrite, chalcopyrite, molybdenum and pyrrhotite. Fluid inclusions of the Cu-Mo mineralization can be divided into liquid-rich two phases fluid inclusion (1 wt% NaCl eq.) and multiphase solid-bearing fluid inclusions (30-44 wt% NaCl eq.). The assemblages of the fluid inclusions are consistent with the assemblage of vapor and fluid after phase separation of magmatic fluid. These conditions the halite-bearing fluid inclusion at the N prospect is thought to be 420 bars at the temperature 450⁰C. Cu-Mo-bearing quartz veins took place at 1 km below the paleosurface.The 87Sr/86Sr ratios of least altered andesite lava, strongly altered andesite lava and quartz veins were examined in the Au-mineralization. The strongly altered andesite lavas (0.707070-0.708765) near the Au-bearing quartz veins have higher initial 87Sr/86Sr ratios than least altered andesite lava (0.705118-0.705309). The initial 87Sr/86Sr ratios of the strongly altered andesite suggest that the hydrothermal solution forming the altered andesite lavas has higher 87Sr/86Sr ratios.The Au-bearing quartz veins and barren calcite veins have different initial 87Sr/86Sr ratios. The initial 87Sr/86Sr ratios of the Au-bearing quartz veins of Stage 1 (0.706949) and network-type veins of Stage 4 (0.708254-0.717607) are higher than those of calcite veins of Stage 5 (0.704843-0.705146). There is a possibility that the hydrothermal system forming the Au-bearing quartz veins is different from the hydrothermal system forming barren calcite vein in later stage in the Chatree deposit. The initial 87Sr/86Sr ratios of the Au-bearing network-type veins of Stage 4 and the strongly altered andesite lava at the A pit and Q prospect are similar to initial 87Sr/86Sr ratios sedimentary and metamorphic rocks. The fact suggests that the hydrothermal solution association with Au-mineralization reacted with sedimentary strata in deeper part in the Chatree area.The Au-bearing quartz veins and altered andesite volcanics formed immediately after formation of new fracture tend to have higher 87Sr/86Sr ratios. This tendency suggests that Au-bearing hydrothermal solution stored in deeper section of the Chatree deposit, under high pressure condition and also reacted with sedimentary strata of Carboniferous and/or Permian. Then the hydrothermal solution in the deeper section was intermittently transported to the shallow section as a result of development of fissures. Structural control such as the development of fissure from deeper to shallower sections is one of important factor for the formation of Au mineralization in the Chatree deposit in addition to presence of source of gold.
机译：泰国中部碧差汶府的Chatree Au-Ag矿床是三叠纪时代的超热脉型矿床。金矿的面积和垂直延伸的面积长约3 km，宽约1.5 km，深约200 m。 2001年至2013年的总产量为40吨黄金和180吨白银。 Chatree矿区有两种成矿类型，即超热Au-Ag和斑岩Cu-Mo矿化。 Chatree矿床的Q前景和A，C，H，D，Kw和Ke坑等超热Au-Ag矿床从北向中部分布。另一方面，Chatree矿床南部的N和V矿床中发现了Cu-Mo矿化作用.Chatree超热金矿床周围的地质由火山石和沉积岩组成，从石炭纪到二叠纪再到三叠纪。石炭纪和二叠纪的沉积地层被认为存在于Chatree矿床的较深部分。 Chatree矿床的地质主要由安山岩和流纹岩火山岩组成。安第斯火山岩在火山演替的下部占主导地位，依次为单片安第斯山角砾岩，多聚安第斯山角砾岩和火山沉积角砾岩。流纹凝灰岩不整合地覆盖了安第斯山脉的火山演替。 Chatree矿床的含金石英脉主要存在于多晶安山角砾岩和火山沉积角砾岩中。含金石英脉的特征是具有大量石英，方解石和少量石英的脉，脉状和网状脉。伊利石，石楠，绿泥石和硫化物矿物。根据A坑含金石英脉的横切关系和Q，B远景，将含金石英脉分为五个阶段。 A坑以及Q和B矿床的第1阶段的石英脉和第4阶段的网状脉的特征是强烈的金矿化。包含电子的石英脉的特征在于微晶和艳丽的质地，表明过饱和水热溶液中晶体快速生长。 Q阶段的Q4阶段含金石英脉中的月桂石和伊利石并存，表明Q4阶段的含Au石英脉形成于200⁰C左右。由于存在华丽的质地和较高的石英氧同位素比（15.0‰），建议在Q4期含金石英脉中发生沸腾。 Q期的Q4阶段的含金石英脉的总形成压力估计约为20巴。 Q勘探区的含金石英脉形成在古地表以下约200 m处.Chatree矿床南部N和V勘探区的花岗闪长斑岩和安第斯火山岩中均存在Cu-Mo矿化作用。 Cu-Mo矿化发生在比超热金矿床（250±1 Ma）晚约5 Ma（244±1 Ma）的地方。 Cu-Mo矿化的石英脉由大量石英以及少量的亚氯酸盐，黄铁矿，黄铜矿，钼和黄铁矿组成。 Cu-Mo矿化的流体包裹体可分为富液两相流体包裹体（1 wt％NaCl当量）和多相含固体流体包裹体（30-44 wt％NaCl当量）。岩浆流体相分离后，流体包裹体的组合与蒸汽和流体的组合一致。这些条件被认为是在N温度下含盐岩流体的包裹体，温度为450⁰C，为420 bar。含铜-钼的石英脉发生在古地表以下1 km。最少改变的安山岩熔岩的87Sr / 86Sr比，在金矿化过程中检查了强烈改变的安山岩熔岩和石英脉。含金石英脉附近发生强蚀变的安山岩熔岩（0.707070-0.708765）比蚀变最少的安山岩熔岩（0.705118-0.705309）具有更高的初始87Sr / 86Sr比。强烈改变的安山岩的初始87Sr / 86Sr比值表明，形成改变后的安山岩熔岩的热液具有较高的87Sr / 86Sr比值;含金的石英脉和贫方解石脉的初始87Sr / 86Sr比值不同。第1阶段含金石英脉的初始87Sr / 86Sr比（0.706949）和第4阶段网状脉的初始比（0.708254-0.717607）高于第5阶段的方解石脉（0.704843-0.705146）。 Chatree矿床中形成含金石英脉的热液系统可能与后期形成贫方解石脉的热液系统不同。第4阶段含金网络型脉的初始87Sr / 86Sr比值和A坑和Q矿床强烈改变的安山岩熔岩与沉积岩和变质岩的初始87Sr / 86Sr比值相似。事实表明，与金矿化有关的水热溶液与Chatree地区较深的沉积层发生了反应。在新裂缝形成后立即形成的含金石英脉和安山岩火山岩往往具有更高的87Sr / 86Sr比。这种趋势表明，在高压条件下，含金的热液储存在Chatree矿床的较深部分，并且还与石炭纪和/或二叠纪的沉积岩层发生了反应。然后，由于裂隙的发展，深部的热液被间歇地输送到浅部。结构控制，例如从深部到浅部的裂隙发展，是除了金源的存在以外，在Chatree矿床中形成金矿化的重要因素之一。

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