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The emergence of new uses for rural spaces and interrelations of rural and urban labour markets

机译：农村空间的新用途的出现以及农村和城市劳动力市场的相互关​​系

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38th Congress of the European Regional Science Association 28 August ? 1 September 1998 in Vienna Europe quo vadis? ? Regional question at the Turn of the Century Topic: E: Poverty, Labour Markets and Migrations The emergence of new uses for rural spaces and interrelations of rural and urban labour markets (Abstract) by Thomas Dax, Bundesanstalt fur Bergbauernfragen The former rural-urban dichotomy has been rejected be recent analyses of economic performance of rural areas. Much of this new reading of spatial tendencies within the industrialised world has been influenced by the rising concern for rural areas and the search for comparative data and concepts at international level. With accelerated spatial and cultural integration the debate on rurality has questioned the specificity of rural areas as a distinctive theoretical concept at all. The paper takes the concept elaborated by the OECD-Group of the Council on Rural Development as starting point which dismisses the notion that there are clear cut boundaries between such territorial concepts as urban and rural areas. By setting up a hierarchical territorial scheme it elucidates the linkages of "rural? and "urban? parts of the territory at local and regional levels. Taking account of the spread of new technologies, especially information and communication technologies and the effects of globalisation of key elements of economy and culture our former understanding of rather narrow forms of interactions have to be reconsidered. Networking seems to become one of the central requirements for development replacing sectoral/single objective support schemes. The paper will show that a differentiation into lagging and dynamic rural regions is needed to reflect the actual very diverse development of these parts of the territories. The regional level which corresponds roughly to labour market regions can be split up into its rural and urban parts. This enables not to stick just to an assessment of inter-regional relations but to show also the intra-regional patterns of population, labour and capital flows. Due to rather low settlement mobility and as a consequence high commuting shares Austria provides an example where population and employment development in rural areas are often different. This gap in regional performance underlines the need for deeper regional analysis and case-by-case assessment of the strengths and weaknesses, the scope and interrelations to other territories. The paper shall focus on the theoretical base addressing key issues as employment tendencies and the recognition of various forms of social exclusion being influenced by tendencies towards a splitting-up of job involvement among active populations. Taking account of these trends presents a prime requirement also for rural development policy. It shall also elaborate on case studies exemplifying the threat to development for rural areas in Austria and Europe. As rural areas would be conceived in the latest European discussion as territories offering highly demanded amenities rural development policies will have to harness these potentials. It will be of crucial importance to find ways to make use of these emerging new tasks of rural areas for the local/regional population so as to prevent larger groups of population from being excluded.
机译：欧洲区域科学协会第38届代表大会8月28日？ 1998年9月1日在欧洲维也纳举行？ ？世纪之交的区域性问题主题：E：贫困，劳动力市场和移民农村空间新用途的出现以及城乡劳动力市场的相互关​​系（摘要）最近拒绝对农村地区的经济表现进行分析。工业化世界对空间趋势的这种新的理解，很大程度上受到对农村地区的日益关注以及在国际层面上寻求比较数据和概念的影响。随着空间和文化融合的加速，有关农村性的争论已经质疑农村作为一种独特的理论概念的特殊性。本文以经合组织农村发展理事会集团阐述的概念为出发点，认为这一概念在城市和农村等领土概念之间存在明确界限。通过建立分层的领土方案，它阐明了“农村”和“城市”之间的联系。在地方和地区层面上的部分领土。考虑到新技术的传播，尤其是信息和通信技术的发展，以及经济和文化关键要素全球化的影响，我们必须重新考虑以前对相当狭窄的互动形式的理解。联网似乎已成为取代部门/单一目标支持计划的发展的核心要求之一。本文将表明，需要区分落后地区和活跃的农村地区，以反映这些地区实际的非常多样化的发展。大致对应于劳动力市场区域的区域级别可以分为农村和城市地区。这不仅可以坚持对区域间关系的评估，而且可以显示区域内人口，劳动力和资本流动的格局。由于定居点的流动性较低，因此通勤率很高，奥地利提供了一个例子，说明农村地区的人口和就业发展常常不同。区域业绩上的差距突出表明，有必要对区域的优缺点，范围和与其他领土的相互关系进行更深入的区域分析和个案评估。本文的重点应放在解决关键问题的理论基础上，这些关键问题包括就业趋势以及对各种形式的社会排斥的认识，这些趋势受活跃人群中工作参与分化的趋势的影响。考虑到这些趋势，对农村发展政策也提出了首要要求。它还应详细说明案例研究，以举例说明奥地利和欧洲农村地区对发展的威胁。在最近的欧洲讨论中，农村地区将被视为具有高度要求的便利条件的地区，因此农村发展政策将必须利用这些潜力。寻找对当地/区域人口利用这些新出现的农村地区新任务的方法至关重要，以防止更多的人口被排斥在外。

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    Dax Thomas;

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