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Explaining rising returns to education in urban China in the 1990s

机译:解释20世纪90年代中国城市教育收益的回升

摘要

Although theory predicts that international trade will decrease the relative demand for skilled workers in relatively skill-deficit countries, in recent decades many developing countries have experienced rising wage premiums for skilled workers. We examines this puzzle by quantifying the relative importance of different supply and demand factors in explaining the rapid increase in the returns to education experienced by China during the 1990s. Analyzing Chinese urban household survey and census data for six provinces, we find that although changes in the structure of demand did reduce the demand for skilled workers, consistent with trade theory, the magnitude of the effect was modest and more than offset by institutional reforms and technological changes that increased the relative demand for skill.
机译:尽管理论预测国际贸易将减少相对缺乏技能的国家对熟练工人的相对需求,但近几十年来,许多发展中国家的熟练工人工资溢价不断上升。我们通过量化不同供求因素在解释1990年代中国经历的教育收益的快速增长中的相对重要性来研究这个难题。通过分析中国六个省份的城市家庭调查和人口普查数据,我们发现,尽管需求结构的变化确实减少了对熟练工人的需求,但与贸易理论相一致,但这种影响的程度是温和的,并被制度改革和经济影响所抵消技术变革增加了对技能的相对需求。

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