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Incidence of Fusarium species and levels of fumonisin B1 in corn in the Samsun province of Turkey

机译：土耳其萨姆松省镰刀菌种类和伏马菌素水平的发生率

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The contamination of corn with fumonisin produced by Fusarium species represents an important risk for humans and animals. The incidence of Fusarium spp. and contamination by fumonisin B1 (FB1) were studied in field samples from 70 fields of corn during the 2005 and 2006 preharvest seasons in the province of Samsun, Turkey. Fusarium was the predominant genus isolated from the field samples, with F. verticillioides, F. proliferatum and F. subglutinans being the most commonly isolated species. The occurrence of Fusarium spp. varied each year, from 97.14% to 78.57% in 2005 and 2006, respectively. The widespread occurrence of FB1 was also observed across the Samsun province. All corn samples infected with F. verticillioides, F. proliferatum and F. subglutinans tested positive for FB1, but none were infected with FB2. Levels of FB1 ranged from 0.28 to 8.48 mg kg-1 in 2005 and from 0.11 to 2.77 mg kg-1 in 2006. The concentration of FB1 was lower than 2 mg kg-1 in 63.6% of the samples, 28.8% contained from 2 mg kg-1 to 5 mg kg-1, while 7.6% contained more than 5 mg kg-1. Our study shows that corn contamination with both Fusarium and FB1 was present throughout the Samsun province, but it was strongly dependent on environmental and seasonal conditions. However, there was no Fusarium contamination in certain native white-type and popcorn-type cultivars in 2005 and 2006.
机译：镰刀菌属物种产生的伏马毒素对玉米的污染代表着对人类和动物的重要风险。镰刀菌属的发生率。在土耳其萨姆松省2005年和2006年收获前季节，从70个玉米田的田间样品中研究了烟曲霉菌素B1（FB1）的污染和烟曲霉毒素B1的污染。镰刀菌是从田间样品中分离出的最主要属，最常见的分离种有黄萎病菌，枯萎病菌和谷粉下菌。镰刀菌属的发生。每年都有所变化，分别从2005年和2006年的97.14％到78.57％。在整个萨姆松省也观察到了FB1的广泛发生。所有感染了F. verticillioides，F。proliferatum和F.subglutinans的玉米样品均检测出FB1阳性，但均未感染FB2。 FB1的水平在2005年为0.28至8.48 mg kg-1，在2006年为0.11至2.77 mg kg-1。在63.6％的样品中FB1的浓度低于2 mg kg-1，其中2的含量为28.8％。毫克每公斤1至5毫克每公斤1，而7.6％的含量超过5毫克每公斤1。我们的研究表明，整个萨姆松省都存在镰刀菌和FB1造成的玉米污染，但这在很大程度上取决于环境和季节条件。但是，在2005年和2006年，某些本地白色型和爆米花型品种没有镰刀菌污染。

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