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首页> 外文OA文献 >Kliničke upute za dijagnostiku, liječenje i praćenje bolesnika oboljelih od raka mokraćnog mjehura Hrvatskoga onkološkog društva i Hrvatskoga urološkog uddruštva Hrvatskoga liječničkog zbora Clinical guidelines for diagnosing, treatment and monitoring patients with bladder cancer--Croatian Oncology udSociety and Croatian Urology Society, Croatian Medical Association
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Kliničke upute za dijagnostiku, liječenje i praćenje bolesnika oboljelih od raka mokraćnog mjehura Hrvatskoga onkološkog društva i Hrvatskoga urološkog uddruštva Hrvatskoga liječničkog zbora Clinical guidelines for diagnosing, treatment and monitoring patients with bladder cancer--Croatian Oncology udSociety and Croatian Urology Society, Croatian Medical Association

机译：Kliničkeuputeza dijagnostiku，liječenjeipraćenjebolesnikaoboljelih odrakaamokćnogmjehuraHrvatskogaonkološkogrugštvaiHrvatskogaolološkog uddruštvaHrvatskogaliječničkogzbora诊断，治疗和监测膀胱癌患者的临床指南 - 克罗地亚肿瘤学 ud社会与克罗地亚泌尿外科学会，克罗地亚医学会

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摘要

Urothelial cancer is the most common bladder cancer. Hematuria is the most common presenting symptom in patients with bladder cancer. The most common diagnostics of bladder cancer is performed by transurethral resection of bladder after which pathohistological diagnosis is set. It is necessary to determine whether the cancer penetrated in muscle layer (muscle-invasive cancer) or not (muscle-noninvasive cancer). Decision on therapeutic modality depends on the clinical stage of disease and on prognostic and risk factors. For muscle non-invasive bladder cancer transurethral resection is preferred with or without intravesical instillation of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG). For invasive cancer the method of choice is radical cystectomy. Radiotherapy is used in radical and palliative purposes. Metastatic disease is most frequently treated by chemotherapy metotrexate/vinblastine/doxorubicine/cisplatin (MVAC) or gemcitabine/cisplatin (GC). The purpose of this article is to present clinical recommendations to set standards of procedures and criteria in diagnostics, treatment and follow up of patients with bladder cancer in the Republic of Croatia.
机译：尿道癌是最常见的膀胱癌。血尿是膀胱癌患者最常见的症状。膀胱癌的最常见诊断是通过膀胱经尿道切除术进行，然后进行病理组织学诊断。有必要确定癌症是否渗透到了肌肉层中（肌肉浸润性癌）（肌肉非浸润性癌）。治疗方式的决定取决于疾病的临床阶段以及预后和危险因素。对于肌肉无创性膀胱癌，首选行尿道切除术，无论是否膀胱内注入卡介苗。对于浸润性癌症，选择的方法是根治性膀胱切除术。放射疗法用于根治性和姑息性目的。转移性疾病最常见的治疗方法是使用甲氨蝶呤/长春碱/阿霉素/顺铂（MVAC）或吉西他滨/顺铂（GC）进行化疗。本文的目的是提出临床建议，以制定克罗地亚共和国膀胱癌患者的诊断，治疗和随访程序和标准。

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