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首页> 外文OA文献 >Using Traditional Knowledge in Unpredictable Critical Events in Reindeer Husbandry. The case of Sámi reindeer husbandry in Western Finnmark, Norway and Nenets reindeer husbandry on Yamal peninsula, Yamal-Nenets AO, Russia
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Using Traditional Knowledge in Unpredictable Critical Events in Reindeer Husbandry. The case of Sámi reindeer husbandry in Western Finnmark, Norway and Nenets reindeer husbandry on Yamal peninsula, Yamal-Nenets AO, Russia

机译：在驯鹿畜牧业不可预测的重大事件中运用传统知识。西班牙芬马克郡的萨米驯鹿饲养案和俄罗斯Yamal-Nenets aO亚马尔半岛的涅涅茨驯鹿饲养案

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This thesis investigates in what way traditional knowledge is used when unpredictable critical events occur in Sámi reindeer husbandry in Western Finnmark, Norway and Nenets reindeer husbandry on Yamal peninsula, Russia. In addition the aim was to investigate to what extent reindeer herder’s traditional knowledge is supported by the state official governance of reindeer husbandry. In Norway each siida number of reindeer and a strategic plan for potential unpredictable events must be included in the prescriptive rules of usage which is decided by Norwegian Reindeer Husbandry Act of 2007. In Russia there is no federal law on reindeer husbandry.A qualitative research method was chosen to highlight reindeer herder’s traditional knowledge with in-depth interviews and participating observations in addition using archival sources.The findings of traditional management perspective reflect that both in Western Finnmark and on Yamal peninsula traditional knowledge is significant in reindeer husbandry, for example in response to climatic unpredictable weather events as goavvi. The results are analyzed according to Berkes’ (2008) traditional knowledge analysis. The thesis suggest a management system based on Berkes analysis model and is named Traditional management model for Sámi reindeer husbandry with focusing on traditional management and state governance perspectives. In Norway the implementation of the Reindeer Husbandry Act in 1978 seems to have constrained use of traditional knowledge in the governance of reindeer husbandry, while the Reindeer Husbandry Act of 2007 aimed to support traditional knowledge. The main finding indicates that the use of traditional knowledge in the Sámi reindeer husbandry is only partly supported today in the Norwegian governance of reindeer husbandry which in future may affect the response of unpredictable critical events. On Yamal peninsula flexible use of knowledge in a traditional management might strengthen the resilience to handle unpredictable critical events.
机译：本文研究了在挪威西部Finnmark的Sámi驯鹿饲养场和俄罗斯Yamal半岛的Nenets驯鹿饲养场发生不可预测的重大事件时，如何使用传统知识。此外，目的是调查国家对驯鹿业的官方管理在多大程度上支持驯鹿牧民的传统知识。在挪威，每siida数量的驯鹿和针对潜在不可预测事件的战略计划都必须包含在规定的使用规则中，该规则由2007年的《挪威驯鹿饲养法》决定。在俄罗斯，没有关于驯鹿饲养的联邦法律。选择了定性研究方法，除了使用档案资源外，还通过深入访谈和参与观察来突出驯鹿牧民的传统知识。传统管理观点的发现反映出，无论是在西部Finnmark还是在亚马尔半岛，传统知识在驯鹿饲养方面均具有重要意义，例如，应对goavvi等不可预测的气候事件。根据Berkes（2008）的传统知识分析对结果进行分析。本文提出了一种基于Berkes分析模型的管理系统，并着眼于传统管理和国家治理的观点，将其称为萨米驯鹿饲养的传统管理模型。在挪威，1978年实施的《驯鹿饲养法》似乎限制了在驯鹿饲养管理中对传统知识的使用，而2007年的《驯鹿饲养法》旨在支持传统知识。主要发现表明，今天在挪威的驯鹿饲养管理中仅部分支持在萨米驯鹿饲养中使用传统知识，这在将来可能会影响不可预测的重大事件的响应。在亚马尔半岛，传统管理中知识的灵活运用可能会增强应对不可预测的重大事件的应变能力。

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