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Optical coherence tomography: applications and developments for imaging in vivo biological tissue

机译：光学相干断层扫描：体内生物组织成像的应用和发展

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In this thesis the design and build of a high-speed, video-rate optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging system is described. The system was designed for the purpose of imaging human skin in vivo, particularly that of patients suffering from conditions such as systemic sclerosis. Component selection and design decisions are discussed in the context of the intended final application. Initial test images from the system are presented. In the context of building an OCT system, a supercontinuum light source was characterised and tested for its suitability for use in the OCT environment. Parameters such as coherence length were measured using simple interferometry techniques, while practical considerations such as portability and ease of system integration were also considered.Several applications of OCT imaging techniques were also investigated, using two commercially-available OCT systems from Thorlabs, Inc. A liquid-based skin and blood flow model was constructed using narrow glass capillary tubes, pumped through with scattering solutions of Intralipid or suspensions of polystyrene microspheres. The concentration of the solutions was tuned by dilution in order to best model the scattering parameters of blood. The model also used similar liquid solutions to model static tissue surrounding the blood vessels. Doppler OCT images of the model under various conditions were recorded, and velocity profiles of the flowing liquids were extracted.Using the same commercial OCT systems, imaging over two separate wavelength regions was also performed on the skin of several different species of neo-tropical tree frog, some of which have interesting reflective properties due to the presence of a pigment called pterorhodin. Cross-sectional OCT images of the skin are presented, and averaged depth profiles extracted from them. This is the first time that OCT imaging has been applied to this problem.A clinical study of skin thickening and microvascular function in patients with systemic sclerosis compared to healthy controls was also carried out, again involving a Thorlabs, Inc. commercial OCT system. This study was carried out at Salford Royal Hospital under the supervision of the rheumatology research group. Skin thickness was assessed using OCT and high-frequency ultrasound imaging. Microvascular function was measured using nailfold cappilaroscopy and laser Doppler imaging. Images from the study are presented here.
机译：本文描述了一种高速，视频速率光学相干断层扫描（OCT）成像系统的设计和构建。设计该系统的目的是在体内对人体皮肤进行成像，尤其是对患有全身性硬化症等疾病的患者进行成像。组件选择和设计决策将在最终应用的预期背景下进行讨论。显示了来自系统的初始测试图像。在构建OCT系统的背景下，对超连续谱光源进行了表征，并测试了其在OCT环境中的适用性。相干长度等参数是使用简单的干涉术技术测量的，同时还考虑了诸如便携性和系统集成简便性等实际考虑因素。还使用Thorlabs，Inc.的两种市售OCT系统研究了OCT成像技术的一些应用。使用狭窄的玻璃毛细管构建液体液体的皮肤和血流模型，将其与脂内散射溶液或聚苯乙烯微球悬浮液一起泵送通过。通过稀释来调节溶液的浓度，以便最好地模拟血液的散射参数。该模型还使用类似的液体溶液对血管周围的静态组织进行建模。记录该模型在各种条件下的多普勒OCT图像，并提取流动液体的速度分布图。使用相同的商业OCT系统，还对几种不同种类的新热带树的皮肤进行了两个独立波长区域的成像青蛙，由于存在一种称为翼手ho色素的色素，其中一些具有有趣的反射特性。呈现了皮肤的横截面OCT图像，并从中提取出平均深度轮廓。这是首次将OCT成像用于此问题。还进行了系统性硬化症患者与健康对照组相比皮肤增厚和微血管功能的临床研究，同样涉及Thorlabs，Inc.商业OCT系统。这项研究是在风湿病研究小组的监督下在索尔福德皇家医院进行的。使用OCT和高频超声成像评估皮肤厚度。使用指甲折叠内窥镜检查和激光多普勒成像测量微血管功能。该研究的图像显示在这里。

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