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Developing the cyranoid method of mediated interpersonal communication in a social psychological context: applications in person perception, human-computer interaction, and first-personudresearch

机译：在社会心理学背景下开发中介人际交往的颅骨方法：人的感知，人机交互和第一人称的应用研究

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This thesis revisits Stanley Milgram’s “cyranoid method” of interactive social psychological experimentation (Milgram, 2010a) and explores the technique’s empirical potential in several domains. The central component of the method is speech shadowing, a procedure that involves a person (the shadower) repeating in real-time words they receive through an innerear monitor by-way-of radio-relay from a remote source. Speech shadowing effectively creates a hybrid agent (a “cyranoid”) composed of the body of one individual (the shadower) and the “mind” (or more precisely, the words) of another (the source). Interactants naïve to this manipulation perceive speech shadowers as autonomous communicators, and this perceptual bias (the “cyranic illusion”) affords researchers the ability to inspect the effects of separately altering the physical (outer) and dispositional (inner) elements of an interlocutor’s identity in contexts involving spontaneous and unscripted face-to-face dialog.udFour articles and two additional chapters have been developed for this thesis. Chapter 1, “Introducing and situating the cyranoid method” presents an overview of the cyranoid method alongside an analysis of documents pertaining to the method contained in the Stanley Milgram Papers archive at Yale University and situates the method in the context of the demise of the classical paradigm, or “golden age,” of social psychology. Chapter 2 (Article 1), “Replicating Milgram” (published in the Journal of Social Psychology under the title “Revisiting Milgram’s cyranoid method: Experimenting with hybrid human agents”), examines the cyranic illusion through replications of two of Milgram’s original pilot studies and discusses the method’s potential as a means of conducting person perception. Chapter 3 (Article 2), “Echoborgs: Cyranoids with computer program sources” (published in Frontiers in Psychology under the title “A truly human interface: Interacting face-to-face with someone whose words are determined by a computer program”), expands upon the traditional cyranoid method by exploring situations wherein a conversational agent (a computer program designed to mimic a human interlocutor) sources for a human shadower, thereby producing a special type of cyranoid known as an “echoborg”; the article places the echoborg within the context of android science, a field that uses humanlike machines as stimuli in social psychological research in order to explore various aspects of human interaction (Ishiguro & Nishio, 2007). Chapter 4 (Article 3), “Using echoborgs to assess intersubjective effort in human-agent dialog” (accepted for publication pending minor revisions in Computers in Human Behavior), combines conversation analysis techniques (e.g., Schegloff, 1992, 1993) with the echoborg method to investigate factors that influence how people repair misunderstandings that arise during dialog with conversational agents. Chapter 5 (Article 4), “Cyranoids in first-person, self-experimental research” (published in Integrative Psychological and Behavioral Science under the title “The researcher as experimental subject: Using self-experimentation to access experiences, understand social phenomena, and stimulate reflexivity”), explores the history of researcher-as-subject self-experimentation in social psychology and illustrates how the cyranoid method can be used as a first-person means of directly experiencing the consequences of a transformed social identity through systematic self-experimentation. Finally, Chapter 6, “Cyranoid ethics,” discusses the various ethical concerns involved in cyranoid research, outlines how they were mitigated in the current thesis, and offers suggestions for ensuring positive research participant experience.udAs Milgram died before publishing any work on the cyranoid method, and as speech shadowing has seen relatively little application in social psychological experimentation, this thesis attempts to provide the initial basis for future iterations and variants of the method.
机译：本论文回顾了斯坦利·米尔格拉姆（Stanley Milgram）的互动社会心理实验的“赛龙形方法”（米尔格拉姆，2010a），并探讨了该技术在多个领域的经验潜力。该方法的主要组成部分是语音遮蔽，该过程涉及一个人（遮蔽器）实时重复自己通过内耳式监听器从远程源接收到的无线话语的单词。语音遮挡有效地创建了一个混合主体（“塞拉尼昂”），该混合主体由一个人的身体（遮影者）和另一人（源头）的“头脑”（或更确切地说是单词）组成。幼稚的互动者将言语遮蔽者视为自主交流者，这种感知偏差（“颅骨错觉”）使研究人员能够检查分别改变对话者身份的物理（外部）和性向（内部）元素的影响。涉及自发性和非脚本化面对面对话的上下文。 ud本论文开发了四篇文章和另外两章。第1章“介绍并放置了cyranoid方法”概述了cyranoid方法，并分析了耶鲁大学Stanley Milgram论文档案中有关该方法的文档，并在经典的消亡的背景下定位了该方法。社会心理学的范式或“黄金时代”。第2章（第1条）“复制Milgram”（在社会心理学杂志上发表，标题为“ Reviewiting Milgram的cyranoid方法：尝试混合人类媒介”），通过复制Milgram的两项原始先导研究和讨论了该方法作为进行人感知的一种方法的潜力。第3章（第2条），“ Echoborgs：带有计算机程序源的类人动物”（发表在《心理学前沿》的标题为“真正的人机界面：与通过计算机程序确定其单词的人进行面对面的互动”），通过探索以下情形来扩展传统的cyranoid方法：对话代理（用于模仿人类对话者的计算机程序）是人类阴影生成器的来源，从而产生一种特殊的cyranoid，称为“ echoborg”；本文将echoborg置于android科学的背景下，该领域使用类人的机器作为社会心理学研究的刺激因素，以探索人与人之间互动的各个方面（Ishiguro＆Nishio，2007）。第4章（第3条）“使用echoborgs评估人与人对话中的主体间努力”（接受出版，等待人类行为计算机的较小修订），将对话分析技术（例如Schegloff，1992，1993）与echoborg结合使用调查影响人们如何修复与对话代理进行对话期间产生的误解的因素的方法。第5章（第4条），“第一人称，自我实验研究中的类人猿”（发表于综合心理学与行为科学中，标题为“研究者作为实验对象：利用自我实验获得经验，理解社会现象和激发反身性”），探索社会心理学中研究者自我实验的历史，并说明如何将赛拉尼方法用作通过系统的自我实验直接体验转变的社会身份的后果的第一人称方法。最后，第6章“ Cyranoid伦理学”讨论了cyranoid研究中涉及的各种伦理问题，概述了如何在本论文中减轻它们的影响，并为确保积极的研究参与者体验提供了建议。环回法，并且由于语音遮蔽在社会心理学实验中的应用相对较少，因此本文试图为该方法的未来迭代和变体提供初始依据。

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    Corti Kevin;

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