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On the definition of exergy efficiencies for petroleum systems: Application to offshore oil and gas processing

机译：关于石油系统的火用效率的定义：在海上石油和天然气加工中的应用

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摘要

Exergy-based efficiencies are measures of the thermodynamic perfection of systems and processes. A meaningful formulation of these performance criteria for petroleum systems is difficult because of (i) the high chemical exergy of hydrocarbons, (ii) the large variety of chemical components, and (iii) the differences in operating conditions between facilities. This work focuses on offshore processing plants, considering four oil platforms that differ by their working conditions and designs. Several approaches from the scientific literature for similar processes are presented and applied to the four cases. They showed a low sensitivity to performance improvements, gave inconsistent results, or favoured facilities operating under certain con-ditions. We suggest an alternative formulation, called the component-by-component exergy efficiency, which builds on the decomposition of the exergy ows at the level of the chemical compounds. It allows therefore for sound comparisons of separation systems, while it successfully evaluates their theoretical improvement potentials. The platform displaying the lowest efficiency (1.7%) is characterised by little pumping and compression works, at the opposite of the one displaying the highest performance (29.6%). A more realistic measure of the technical potential for improving these systems can be carried out by splitting further the exergy destruction into its avoidable and unavoidable parts.
机译：基于火用的效率是系统和过程热力学完善性的度量。由于（i）碳氢化合物的高化学能级，（ii）多种化学成分，以及（iii）设施之间的运行条件不同，因此很难为石油系统有效地制定这些性能标准。这项工作集中于海上加工厂，考虑了四个因工作条件和设计而异的石油平台。介绍了科学文献中针对类似过程的几种方法，并将其应用于这四个案例。他们表现出对性能改进的敏感性低，给出的结果不一致，或者偏爱在某些条件下运行的设施。我们建议一种替代方法，称为逐组分能效，其建立在化合物水平的能级流分解上。因此，它可以对分离系统进行合理的比较，同时可以成功评估其理论上的改进潜力。效率最低的平台（1.7％）的特点是抽水和压缩工作量很少，而性能最高的平台则相反（29.6％）。可以通过将火用破坏进一步分为其可避免和不可避免的部分来对改善这些系统的技术潜力进行更现实的衡量。

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