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Diversity and exploitation status of demersal fisheryudresources in India

机译:底层渔业的多样性和勘探现状印度的资源

摘要

Fisheries are an important source of income and means of livelihood inuddeveloping countries, particularly in rural areas. Estimates by the Food andudAgricultural Organisation indicates that capture fisheries employ over 27 millionudpeople worldwide, of which 85% live in Asia. Marine fisheries play an importantudrole in food security and nutrition in developing countries. There is seriousudconcern about the state of marine fisheries worldwide. While over-fishing is likelyudto have been the major cause of the serious setbacks, these have probably beenudexacerbated by habitat degradation. Fisheries sector plays an important role inudthe overall socio-economic development of India. The fisheries sector contributedud76,913 crores to the GDP during 2009-10 which is 0.96 per cent of the total GDPudat factor cost and 5.4 per cent of the GDP at factor cost from agriculture forestryudand fishing (Zacharia and Najmudeen, 2013). During 2015-16, the export ofudmarine products from India reached over 9.45 lakh tonnes valued at Rs.30,421udcrores and US$ 4.688 billion (MPEDA, 2017). India is one of major fish producingudcountries in the world contributing over 3 per cent of both marine and freshwaterudfishes to the world production (Srinath and Pillai, 2006) with third position inudcapture fisheries and second in aquaculture. India has an Exclusive Economic Zoneud(EEZ) covering a total area of 2.02 million sq. km, i.e., 0.86 million sq. km on theudwest coast including the Lakshadweep Islands and 1.16 million sq. km on the eastudcoast, including the Andaman and Nicobar Islands and a continental shelf of half audmillion sq. km (Vivekananadan et al., 2003).
机译:渔业是欠发达国家,特别是农村地区的重要收入来源和谋生手段。粮食和农业组织的估计表明,全世界的捕捞渔业雇用了超过2700万乌干达人,其中85%生活在亚洲。海洋渔业在发展中国家的粮食安全和营养中起着重要作用。对全球海洋渔业状况存在严重的过度关注。过度捕捞可能是造成严重挫折的主要原因,但栖息地退化可能加剧了过度捕捞。渔业在印度整体社会经济发展中起着重要作用。渔业部门在2009-10年度为国内生产总值贡献了7691.3亿乌拉特先令,占国内生产总值/ udad要素成本的0.96%,来自农业林业/乌干达丁渔业的要素成本占GDP 5.4%(Zacharia和Najmudeen, 2013)。在2015-16年度期间,印度的 marmarine产品出口量超过94.5万吨,价值30,421卢比卢比和46.88亿美元(MPEDA,2017年)。印度是世界上主要的鱼类生产国之一,在海洋和淡水鱼类中占世界产量的3%以上(Srinath和Pillai,2006年),在捕捞渔业中排名第三,在水产养殖中排名第二。印度拥有专属经济区 ud(EEZ),总面积为202万平方公里,即包括拉克沙德维普群岛在内的 udwest海岸上的86万平方公里,而在 ududastast上则为116万平方公里,包括安达曼和尼科巴群岛,以及一个面积达500万平方公里的大陆架(Vivekananadan等,2003)。

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    Zacharia P U; Najmudeen T M;

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