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Project identification and evaluation techniques for transportation infrastructure : assessing their role in metropolitan areas of developing countries

机译：交通基础设施的项目识别和评估技术：评估其在发展中国家大都市区的作用

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Project identification and evaluation of transportation infrastructure play a vital role in shaping and sustaining the forms of cities all over the world. These cities differ substantially in character and urban form and have different transport systems and transport related problems. Most large cities in the developing world face major problems as a result of rapid population growth, extensive urbanization, market uncertainties, scarcity of resources and inadequate planning capabilities. Transport policies and procedures that worked reasonably well when cities were smaller start failing as they expand, while environmental and social problems become more pressing. The traditional methodologies for evaluating urban transportation infrastructure projects are unable to address issues of most concern in developing countries. The thesis outlines a framework for assessing the role of various planning and evaluation methodologies for transportation infrastructure projects. The framework developed for project identification and evaluation serves as a useful tool to structure and assess the gaps identified from a literature review and case studies. The major gaps identified can be listed as: * Lack of integrated approach for transportation infrastructure and land-use planning; * Inadequate provision for maintenance and monitoring of transport facilities; * Unequal distribution of benefits of transport for women; * Limited rural transport infrastructure; and * Lack of suitable financing arrangements and no incorporation of sustainable development measures. The overall transportation planning and evaluation process can be improved by incorporating certain steps and requirements that address these gaps and make transportation infrastructure more accessible, safer, reliable, and efficient.
机译：运输基础设施的项目识别和评估在塑造和维持全球城市形态方面发挥着至关重要的作用。这些城市在性质和城市形式上有很大不同，并且具有不同的交通系统和与交通有关的问题。由于人口的快速增长，广泛的城市化，市场的不确定性，资源的匮乏和规划能力的不足，发展中国家的大多数大城市都面临着重大问题。当城市规模较小时，行之有效的交通政策和程序会随着城市的扩张而失败，而环境和社会问题则变得更加紧迫。评估城市交通基础设施项目的传统方法无法解决发展中国家最关注的问题。本文概述了评估交通基础设施项目各种规划和评估方法的作用的框架。为项目识别和评估而开发的框架可作为有用的工具，用于整理和评估从文献综述和案例研究中识别出的差距。查明的主要差距可以列为：*运输基础设施和土地利用规划缺乏综合方法； *不足以提供运输设施的维护和监测； *妇女运输利益分配不均； *农村交通基础设施有限； *缺乏适当的融资安排，没有纳入可持续发展措施。可以通过合并某些步骤和要求来解决这些差距并使运输基础设施更易于访问，更安全，可靠和高效，从而改善总体运输计划和评估过程。

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