The purpose of the present invention is to provide: a novel alternating copolymer having a urea bond in the molecule, the alternating copolymer having exceptional properties particularly in terms of transparency and heat-resistance, and being soluble in common organic solvents and therefore being useful as a reactive intermediate enabling the introduction of a variety of functional groups in a solution reaction; and a method for manufacturing the alternating copolymer. The present invention is a polyurea-based alternating copolymer that is a polyaddition alternating copolymer of a diisocyanate compound <A> and a diamine compound <B>, the polyurea-based alternating copolymer including repeating units represented by formula (1) and having a weight-average molecular weight of 500-300,000. Formula (1): -[(A)-(B)]- (in the formula, (A) is at least one aliphatic diisocyanate structural unit having a cyclic structure in the molecule, and (B) is at least one structural unit selected, mutually independently, from among aliphatic diamines, aromatic diamines, diamines having an ether bond, and diamines having a siloxane skeleton.)
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