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Process for producing a directionally solidified material body, in particular a metal or semimetal body, and uses thereof
Process for producing a directionally solidified material body, in particular a metal or semimetal body, and uses thereof
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机译：定向凝固的材料体，特别是金属或半金属体的制造方法及其用途
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摘要
The invention relates to a method for producing a directionally solidified material body, in particular a mono- or quasi-monocrystalline metal or semi-metal body, by directional solidification from a melt, a crucible (1) being prepared by the bottom of which is provided with a plurality of thin monocrystalline seed crystal plates ( 2a-2d) is covered with a predetermined orientation of its crystal axes in order to form a seed crystal plate layer, and in the crucible (1) thus prepared, a melt is solidified in the direction of the material body (ingot) under the influence of a temperature gradient prevailing in a vertical direction. According to the invention, one of the crystal axes of the seed crystal plates (2a-2d) is tilted relative to the vertical direction (z) by a predetermined acute tilt angle (α) and immediately adjacent seed crystal plates are differently oriented. The deviation of the surface of the crystal from the ideal (001) direction is negligible according to the invention, so that efficient solar cells can be formed in particular by means of an alkaline texture. It has been observed in particular that any dislocation clusters in the material block do not correlate with the arrangement of the joints of the seed crystal plates originally laid out on the crucible bottom and cannot spread further into the material body.
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