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METHOD OF SEARCHING FOR MINERAL DEPOSITS USING SUBMARINE GEOPHYSICAL VESSEL
METHOD OF SEARCHING FOR MINERAL DEPOSITS USING SUBMARINE GEOPHYSICAL VESSEL
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机译：海底物探船寻找矿床的方法
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FIELD: physics.;SUBSTANCE: method involves generation and radiation of acoustic oscillations, propagation of an acoustic wave from the radiation point at speed defined by elastic properties and density of the medium, partial reflection and partial refraction of the acoustic wave at the boundary surface of media with different elastic properties, reception of the partially reflected and partially refracted acoustic waves using one seismic cable, tugged behind the geophysical vessel, digital processing and recording the obtained siesmo-acoustic information, establishing geological rocks and their depth on the search area, characterised by that the submarine geophysical vessel not only moves along the profile line, but also a little inclined - not less than two degrees from the profile line; low-directed - tens of degrees, continuous radiation is performed in frequency range of 1-3000 Hz in a depth range from 50 m - safe depth of underwater navigation to 300 m - the working depth of the submarine geophysical vessel, in a speed range from 4 km/h to 21 km/h (3-12 knots) with minimum level of underwater acoustic and hydrodynamic noise of the submarine geophysical vessel; spatial continuous reception of the partially reflected and partially refracted acoustic waves in the 1-3000 Hz frequency range with dynamic range of not less than 140 dB; additionally, in order to receive natural noise emission of the mineral deposits - hydrocarbons etc, in linear and nonlinear modes, several - not less than 4 autonomous bottom stations are used, having passive hydroacoustic medium, having dynamic range of not less than 140 dB and range of working frequencies from thousandths of Hz to 3000 Hz, arranged into a square at the sea floor at a distance from each other which ensures mutual overlapping of observation areas; additionally, in order to receive natural noise emission of the mineral deposits - hydrocarbons etc, in the linear mode, an extended antenna is used, which is on-board parts of the housing of the vessel, with dynamic range of not less than 140 dB and working frequency range from 1 Hz to 3000 Hz; additionally, for low-directed location of the mineral deposits in linear mode and highly-directed - units of degrees, location of the mineral deposits in nonlinear mode, active hydroacoustic medium is used, having dynamic range of not less than 180 dB in working frequency range from 1 Hz to 3000 Hz, placed at the bottom of the vessel; additionally, for location of the aquatic medium, the bottom and mineral deposits in linear and nonlinear mode, several - not less than three multi-frequency - with not less than three frequencies in the frequency range from 3000 Hz and higher, with dynamic range of not less than 140 dB, placed at the bottom of the housing of the vessel and each of several - not less than two, unmanned submarines, respectively, which provide mutual overlapping of the observation areas; additionally, in order to receive natural noise emission of the mineral deposits - hydrocarbons etc, as well as echo signals reflected from irregularities of the aquatic medium, the sea floor and mineral deposits in linear and nonlinear mode in dynamic range of not less than 140 dB and in the working frequency range from thousandths of Hz to 3000 Hz, several - not less than two passive hydroacoustic apparatus are used, which are placed on each of several unmanned submarines, which move during geophysical measurements in the depth range from 50 m to 300 m, at speed ranging from 4 km/h to 16 km/h (from 3 knots to 9 knots) at minimum level of underwater acoustic and hydrodynamic noise, in parallel to the movement of the submarine geophysical vessel and at a distance from each other which ensures mutual overlapping of observation areas, including observation areas of the seismic cable and submarine geophysical vessel; additionally, to receive natural noise emission of the mineral deposits - hydrocarbons etc, noise emission of underwater, surface and aerial objects, as well as echo signals reflected from irregularities of the aquatic medium, including its boundaries, mineral deposits, as well as underwater and surface objects in linear and nonlinear modes, in the dynamic range of not less than 140 dB and in the working frequency range form fractions of Hz to 30 kHz, an antenna is used, which is lies on the contour of the bow of the submarine geophysical vessel.;EFFECT: obtaining, on a large area, accurate information on mineral deposits which are in corresponding geological rocks of the Earth, at the sea floor or in the bottom layer of sediments, under full sea disturbance conditions, in the presence of icebergs or solid ice cover using a method which is safe from the view point of navigation with minimum time and financial expenses.;15 dwg
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机译：领域：物理学;物质：方法涉及声波的产生和辐射，从辐射点传播的声波以介质的弹性和密度定义的速度传播，声波在界面处的部分反射和部分折射具有不同弹性特性的介质，使用一根地震电缆接收部分反射和部分折射的声波，将其拖到地球物理容器的后面，进行数字处理并记录所获得的地震波信息，在搜索区域中建立地质岩石及其深度，其特征在于，海底地球物理船不仅沿轮廓线移动，而且还略微倾斜-与轮廓线不少于2度。低指向-数十度，在1-3000 Hz的频率范围内，在50 m-水下航行的安全深度到300 m-水下地球物理船的工作深度的深度范围内，在一定速度范围内执行连续辐射时速从4 km / h到21 km / h（3-12节），而水下地球物理船的水下声和水动力噪声最小;在1-3000 Hz频率范围内以不小于140 dB的动态范围在空间上连续接收部分反射和部分折射的声波;此外，为了以线性和非线性方式接收矿藏的自然噪声排放，例如碳氢化合物等，使用了不少于4个自主底部站，这些站具有被动水声介质，动态范围不小于140 dB，并且工作频率范围从千分之一赫兹到3000赫兹，在海底以彼此相距一定距离的正方形排列，以确保观察区域相互重叠;此外，为了接收矿物沉积物（碳氢化合物等）的自然噪声发射，在线性模式下，使用了扩展天线，该天线位于船壳的机载部分，动态范围不小于140 dB工作频率范围为1 Hz至3000 Hz;此外，对于线性模式下矿床的低定向定位和非线性模式下矿床的高定向度单位，使用活性水声介质，其工作频率的动态范围不小于180 dB范围从1 Hz到3000 Hz，位于容器底部;此外，对于水生介质，底部和矿物质以线性和非线性模式进行定位，在3000 Hz或更高的频率范围内，若干个-不小于三个多频-不少于三个频率，动态范围为不少于140 dB，分别放置在船壳的底部和分别提供不少于观察区域相互重叠的几艘（不少于两艘）无人潜艇中的每艘;另外，为了接收矿物质沉积物（碳氢化合物等）的自然噪声发射，以及在不小于140 dB的动态范围内以线性和非线性方式从水介质，海床和矿物质沉积物的不规则反射而来的回波信号在从千分之一赫兹到3000赫兹的工作频率范围内，使用了几种-不少于两台无源水声设备，它们被放置在几艘无人潜水艇中的每一个上，它们在地球物理测量期间在50 m至300深度范围内移动m，在水下声学和水动力噪声的最小水平下，以4 km / h至16 km / h的速度（从3节到9节），与海底地球物理船的运动平行且彼此间隔一定距离确保观察区域相互重叠，包括地震电缆和海底物探船的观察区域;此外，要接收矿物沉积物（碳氢化合物等）的自然噪声排放，水下，地面和空中物体的噪声排放以及从水介质不规则物质（包括其边界，矿物沉积物以及水下和地下介质）的不规则反射而来的回波信号。在线性和非线性模式下的表面物体，动态范围不少于140 dB，并且工作频率范围为Hz至30 kHz的分数，使用的天线位于海底地球物理弓的轮廓上效果：在存在完整冰山的情况下，大面积获取有关地球上相应的地质岩石，海床或沉积物底层中的矿床的准确信息，这些条件是在完全的海洋干扰条件下或使用从航行的角度来看是安全的方法并用最少的时间和财务费用来形成坚固的冰盖; 15 dwg
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