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Discriminating natural fracture- and stress-induced sonic anisotropy using a combination of image and sonic logs

机译:结合图像和声波测井判别自然裂缝和应力引起的声波各向异性

摘要

Fracture- and stress-induced sonic anisotropy is distinguished using a combination of image and sonic logs. Borehole image and sonic logs are acquired via known techniques. Analysis of sonic data from monopole P- and S-waves, monopole Stoneley and cross-dipole shear sonic data in an anisotropic formation are used to estimate at least one compressional and two shear moduli, and the dipole fast shear direction. Fracture analysis of image logs enables determination of fracture types and geometrical properties. Geological and geomechanical analysis from image logs provide a priori discrimination of natural fractures and stress-induced fractures. A forward quantitative model of natural fracture- and stress-induced sonic anisotropy based on the knowledge of fracture properties interpreted from image logs allows the computation of the fast-shear azimuth and the difference in slowness between the fast- and slow-shear. The misfit between predicted and observed sonic measurements (i.e. fast-shear azimuth and slownesses) is then optimized in order to discriminate depth zones with an elastic medium as being influenced by the presence of open natural fractures, closed natural fractures and fractures induced by non-equal principal stress effects.
机译:裂缝和应力引起的声波各向异性是通过图像和声波测井的组合来区分的。钻孔图像和声波测井通过已知技术获得。通过对各向异性地层中单极P波和S波的声波数据,单极斯通利和交叉偶极剪切声波数据进行分析,可以估算至少一个压缩模量和两个剪切模量以及偶极快速剪切方向。图像测井的断裂分析能够确定断裂类型和几何性质。来自图像测井的地质和地质力学分析提供了自然裂缝和应力诱发裂缝的先验判别。基于从图像测井获得的断裂特性的知识,自然裂缝和应力诱发的声波各向异性的正向定量模型可以计算快速剪切方位角以及快速剪切和慢剪切之间的慢度差异。然后优化预测和观察到的声波测量值之间的失配(即快速剪切方位角和慢度),以区分弹性介质的深度区域,该弹性介质受开放天然裂缝,封闭天然裂缝和非天然裂缝引起的裂缝的影响。相等的主应力效应。

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