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Archaeosomes as immunomodulating carriers for acellular vaccines to induce cytotoxic t lymphocyte (ctl) responses and protect the vaccinated host against intracellular pathogens and cancer
Archaeosomes as immunomodulating carriers for acellular vaccines to induce cytotoxic t lymphocyte (ctl) responses and protect the vaccinated host against intracellular pathogens and cancer
The invention provides methods and compositions useful for inducing major histocompatibility complex class-I (MHC-I)-restricted cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response in a mammalian host immunized with acellular (non-replicating) antigen. The methods comprise using a liposome, an archaeosome, comprising a polar lipid extract of an archaeobacterium as both immune modulator and carrier for the non-replicating antigen. In addition to a strong antigen-specific CTL response, the archaeosome adjuvant elicits CD4+ Th1, CD4+ Th2 (antibody), and memory responses to the acellular antigen in the vaccine composition. The invention provides methods for mounting a rapid, and a long lasting protective immunity in the vaccinated host against infections caused by intracellular pathogens, especially those that require the host to mount an antigen-specific CD8+ T cell immune response for the protection. The methods of the invention are also useful in, but not restricted to, vaccines for preventing or reducing growth of solid tumors.
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