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EXPERIMENTAL DEVICE FOR STUDY OF PHYSICS PROBLEMS CONCERNING PROTECTION OF NUCLEAR REACTORS FROM RADIATION

机译:研究与辐射防护核反应堆有关的物理问题的实验装置

摘要

The invention relates to devices for conducting experiments using predominantly high-flow reactors. The aim of the invention is to expand the measurement range by attenuating the radiation that flows into the niche, due to scattering in the biological protection of the primary neutron and photon radiation reactor and the resulting secondary radiation. The experimental reactor niche is surrounded by protection consisting of elementary volumes in the form of cubes. Cubes are formed from triangular pyramids from a material with a small (light component) and a large (heavy component) atomic weight. The components of the same name are located symmetrically with respect to the centers of the faces of the cube, and the unlike components are symmetrically relative to the plane of contact between the cubes. The protection works in such a way that, in any direction, the radiation attenuation length contains a light and heavy component of equal length, which eliminates the possibility of radiation being shot through the protection layers. The protection profile is similar to the radiation flux curve depending on the thickness of the biological shielding of the reactor. In places of maximum thermal neutron flux, the protection is surrounded by an absorber layer. The inner surface of the niche is also covered with a layer of thermal neutron absorber, which reduces the activation of the experimental box located inside the experimental reactor niche. A mock-up of the protective composition under investigation is established on the experimental box. The device allows investigating protective compositions with a multiplicity of attenuation of 10 9 -10 12 . 1 il.
机译:本发明涉及用于主要使用高流量反应器进行实验的装置。本发明的目的是通过衰减流入中子的辐射来扩大测量范围,这归因于初级中子和光子辐射反应堆的生物保护中的散射以及由此产生的次级辐射。实验性反应堆的壁iche被由立方体形式的基本体积组成的保护层所包围。多维数据集由具有较小(轻组分)和较大(重组分)原子量的材料的三角锥形成。具有相同名称的组件相对于立方体表面的中心对称放置,并且不同的组件相对于立方体之间的接触平面对称。该保护装置的工作方式是,在任何方向上,辐射衰减长度都包含相等长度的轻而重的分量,从而消除了辐射穿过保护层的可能性。根据反应堆生物屏蔽层的厚度,保护曲线类似于辐射通量曲线。在最大中子热通量的地方,保护层被吸收层包围。壁iche的内表面还覆盖有一层热中子吸收剂,这减少了位于实验堆壁n内的实验箱的激活。在实验箱上建立了要研究的保护性组合物的模型。该装置允许研究衰减量为10 9 -10 12 的防护组合物。 1升

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