The present invention relates to a composition for preventing, treating, or improving prostate cancer, comprising a sugar maple extract or a fraction thereof as an active ingredient. It has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, exhibits anti-proliferative and apoptosis promoting activity against prostate cancer cells, and has an excellent effect in preventing prostate cancer by inhibiting DNA methylation of the GSTP1 gene. Accordingly, it is expected that the sugar maple extract, a fraction thereof, or a compound isolated therefrom of the present invention can be usefully used as an active ingredient in a composition for preventing, treating, or improving prostate cancer.
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