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首页> 外文会议>11th International Conference on Conceptual Structures, ICCS 2003 Jul 21-25, 2003 Dresden, Germany >Analogical Reasoning
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Analogical Reasoning

机译：类比推理

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摘要

Logical and analogical reasoning are sometimes viewed as mutually exclusive alternatives, but formal logic is actually a highly constrained and stylized method of using analogies. Before any subject can be formalized to the stage where logic can be applied to it, analogies must be used to derive an abstract representation from a mass of irrelevant detail. After the formalization is complete, every logical step ― of deduction, induction, or abduction ― involves the application of some version of analogy. This paper analyzes the relationships between logical and analogical reasoning, and describes a highly efficient analogy engine that uses conceptual graphs as the knowledge representation. The same operations used to process analogies can be combined with Peirce's rules of inference to support an inference engine. Those operations, called the canonical formation rules for conceptual graphs, are widely used in CG systems for language understanding and scene recognition as well as analogy finding and theorem proving. The same algorithms used to optimize analogy finding can be used to speed up all the methods of reasoning based on the canonical formation rules.
机译：逻辑推理和类推推理有时被视为互斥的选择，但是形式逻辑实际上是使用类推的高度受限和风格化的方法。在将任何主题形式化到可以对其应用逻辑的阶段之前，必须使用类比从大量无关的细节中得出抽象表示。形式化完成后，演绎，归纳或绑架的每个逻辑步骤都涉及某种类比的应用。本文分析了逻辑推理和类比推理之间的关系，并描述了一种高效的类比引擎，该引擎使用概念图作为知识表示。用于处理类比的相同操作可以与Peirce的推理规则结合使用，以支持推理引擎。这些操作称为概念图的规范形成规则，已在CG系统中广泛用于语言理解和场景识别以及类比发现和定理证明。用于优化类比查找的相同算法可用于加快基于规范形成规则的所有推理方法。

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