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首页> 外文会议>1st International conference on green propellant for space propulsion >ALTERNATE PROPELLANT RESEARCH AND STUDIES FOR IMPROVED PERFORMANCE AND COST REDUCTION
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ALTERNATE PROPELLANT RESEARCH AND STUDIES FOR IMPROVED PERFORMANCE AND COST REDUCTION

机译：替代推进剂研究和改进性能和降低成本的研究

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For more than a decade, Thiokol Propulsion has sought to understand, and if necessary mitigate, the environmental impacts of rocket motors. Research has been directed along two fronts. First, an understanding of the chemical and physical processes by which rocket effluents interact with the environment has been sought. Second, in the event that the research studies showed an unacceptable environmental impact by conventional rocket propellants, an investigation into possible alternative propellants was conducted.rnPropellants were developed that removed the HC1 either within the combustion chamber or in the exhaust cloud. With the discovery of the Antarctic stratospheric ozone hole, additional questions were raised about the effect that any rocket exhaust species containing chlorine would have on stratospheric ozone. In addition to exhaust effluent species, many other factors were considered in the development of alternate propellants, including performance, cost, hazards, mechanical and ballistic properties, maturity, reliability and processability. Through these development studies, it was found that all of the alternate propellants had drawbacks in one or more of these areas compared to the conventional baseline formulations.rnMeanwhile, studies were conducted to assess the actual environmental impact of rocket exhaust. These studies were divided into two main areas - local launch site terrestrial effects and stratospheric ozone effects. The local launch site studies sought to determine the path of the ground cloud formed during the rocket launch and to measure and model the concentrations of the various exhaust species. The results of several studies are that there is a very low likelihood of range safety canceling a scheduled launch on the basis of a toxicity threat from launch effluents.rnStratospheric ozone studies have shown that while ozone destruction is nearly complete within the exhaust cloud of a rocket, the cloud disperses in such a way that the ultraviolet light level at the surface ofrnthe earth is unchanged. It appears that chlorine species from solid rockets are not the only contributor to local ozone destruction. Species from liquid oxygen/liquid kerosene engines can have at least as great of an affect on the stratospheric ozone, both in the near term (minutes-hours) and in the long term (days-weeks) as those from solid rocket motors.
机译：十多年来，Thiokol推进力求了解并在必要时减轻火箭发动机对环境的影响。研究已经从两个方面进行了指导。首先，寻求对火箭流出物与环境相互作用的化学和物理过程的理解。其次，如果研究表明常规火箭推进剂对环境造成不可接受的影响，则对可能的替代推进剂进行了研究。开发了在燃烧室内或排气云中去除HC1的推进剂。随着南极平流层臭氧空洞的发现，人们对含氯火箭废气对平流层臭氧的影响提出了更多的疑问。除了废气排放物以外，在开发其他推进剂时还考虑了许多其他因素，包括性能，成本，危害，机械和弹道特性，成熟度，可靠性和可加工性。通过这些开发研究，发现与常规基线配方相比，所有替代推进剂在一个或多个区域均具有缺点。同时，进行了研究以评估火箭废气对环境的实际影响。这些研究分为两个主要领域-本地发射场地面效应和平流层臭氧效应。当地的发射场研究试图确定在火箭发射过程中形成的地面云的路径，并测量和模拟各种排气物质的浓度。多项研究的结果是，由于发射废水产生的毒性威胁，距离安全性取消预定的发射的可能性非常低。-对流层臭氧研究表明，尽管在火箭的尾气云中臭氧破坏几乎完成了，云的散布方式使得地球表面的紫外线水平不变。看来，来自固体火箭的氯气并不是造成局部臭氧破坏的唯一因素。液态氧/液态煤油发动机产生的物种对平流层臭氧的影响至少在短期（分钟数小时）和长期（数天至数周）都与固体火箭发动机产生的影响相同。

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