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首页> 外文会议>2000 National Poultry Waste Management Symposium, Oct 16-18, 2000, Ocean City, MD >DEHYDRATED POULTRY MEAL PRODUCED FROM FARM MORTALITIES
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DEHYDRATED POULTRY MEAL PRODUCED FROM FARM MORTALITIES

机译：农场死亡率产生的脱水禽肉粉

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Alabama ranks third in the nation in broiler production and in 1997 produced over 950 million birds (Poultry Times, 1998). Unfortunately, ranking third in broiler production also means Alabama is third in producing poultry wastes. While 19 million broilers are processed weekly in Alabama, over 800 tons of poultry carcasses must be disposed of weekly in an environmentally sound manner. For a flock of 100,000 broilers grown to 49 days of age and averaging 0.1% daily mortality (4.9% total mortality), approximately one ton of farm mortalities require disposal (Edwards and Daniels, 1992). Disposing of mortalities has been identified by the poultry industry as the most serious environmental problems that may limit the future expansion in Alabama. There are four main methods of carcasses disposal in Alabama; incineration, composting, rendering, and open-bottom burial pits. Incineration is biologically the safest method of disposal, however it is expensive and produces air particulate pollution (Loehr, 1968). Composting dead birds has been shown to be biologically safe (Murphy and Handwerker, 1988) and produces a useful product, but the maintenance of a composter is extensive, requiring at least 30 minutes each day (Payne and Donald, 1989). Rendering of chicken carcasses is another acceptable method of disposal, but requires the close proximity of a rendering plant to be economically unfeasible. The easiest and least expensive method of carcass disposal has been open-bottom burial pits. However, concern for water quality, as well as the persistence of residues, has led to the banning of the construction of new burial pits in the State of Alabama since July 1996. An alternative method of carcasses disposal involving grinding and drying of frozen farm mortalities has been developed in the State of Alabama.
机译：阿拉巴马州的肉鸡产量位居全国第三，1997年生产了超过9.5亿只鸡（Poultry Times，1998）。不幸的是，在肉鸡生产中排名第三也意味着阿拉巴马州在生产家禽废物方面排名第三。虽然阿拉巴马州每周要处理1900万只肉鸡，但每周必须以无害环境的方式处置800吨以上的家禽屠体。对于一群生长到49天的平均日死亡率为0.1％（总死亡率为4.9％）的肉鸡来说，约有1吨农场死亡率需要处置（Edwards和Daniels，1992）。家禽业已将死亡率的处理视为最严重的环境问题，可能会限制阿拉巴马州未来的扩张。在阿拉巴马州，有四种主要的屠体处置方法：焚化，堆肥，提炼和底部露天墓坑。从生物学上讲，焚化是最安全的处置方法，但是它很昂贵，并且会产生空气微粒污染（Loehr，1968年）。已证明对死禽进行堆肥具有生物安全性（Murphy和Handwerker，1988），并能产生有用的产品，但堆肥器的维护十分广泛，每天至少需要30分钟（Payne和Donald，1989）。鸡car体的提炼是另一种可接受的处置方法，但要求提炼厂的紧邻在经济上是不可行的。最简单，最便宜的disposal体处置方法是开底埋葬。然而，自1996年7月以来，由于对水质以及残留物的持久性的关注，阿拉巴马州开始禁止建造新的墓地。处置grinding体的另一种方法包括研磨和干燥冷冻的农场死亡率。已在阿拉巴马州开发。

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