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首页> 外文会议>2001 conference of Waste Management (WM);Annual Waste Management Symposium >PROCESS IMPLEMENTATION AND QUALIFICATION OF ELECTROMETALLURGICALHIGH LEVEL WASTE FORMS
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PROCESS IMPLEMENTATION AND QUALIFICATION OF ELECTROMETALLURGICALHIGH LEVEL WASTE FORMS

机译：电解冶金高废料形式的过程实施与鉴定

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The disposal of DOE sodium bonded spent fuel in a geologic repository is a problem of national scope.rnThere exists 60 metric tons of this fuel, which under current regulations cannot be safely placed in thernproposed underground repository. The primary issue in the safe disposal of this fuel is treating the elementalrnsodium present in such a manner as to make it inert. The electrometallurgical treatment process treats the fuelrnand neutralizes the elemental sodium by reacting it to form sodium chloride. This process also recovers thernuranium from the fuel and produces two high level waste forms, a metal waste form and a ceramic waste form.rnThe process utilizes molten salt electrorefining technology to separate the uranium from the active fissionrnproducts, such as Cs, Sr, I, and the rare earths, and residual actinides, such as Np, Pu and Am, which remainrnin the molten salt electrolyte. The cladding hulls are also separated and remain in the anode basket, whichrnoriginally contained the fuel to be processed. Elements that are noble to the potential applied in thernelectrorefiner remain with the cladding hull remnants, this includes Zr, Tc, Ru, Rh, Pd and Ag. The claddingrnhulls and “noble” metals are consolidated into a metal waste ingot, which is primarily stainless steel inrncomposition but also contains 15 weight % zirconium. The salt from the electrorefiner is periodically removedrnand mixed with zeolite at an elevated temperature, which results in the salt being occluded in the zeolite. Arnsmall quantity of glass frit is then mixed with the salt occluded zeolite and the resulting material is thenrnprocessed at high temperature or high temperature and pressure to produce a glass-bonded sodalite ceramicrnwaste form. This paper will discuss the demonstration phase of this project where over 100 subassemblies ofrnirradiated fuel were treated and several waste forms of both types were produced. Tests and analyses arernbeing conducted to evaluate the physical, radiological and chemical properties of the two high-level wasternforms with regard to three sets of information needs: 1) requirements specified for waste form acceptance intornthe DOE disposal system in the Waste Acceptance System Requirements Document, 2) issues related tornTotal System Performance Assessment and 3) issues related to process control for manufacture of the wasternforms. This paper will discuss the status of the two high-level waste forms with respect to those needs.
机译：DOE钠键合乏燃料在地质处置库中的处置是一个全国性的问题。这种燃料存在60吨，根据现行法规，这些燃料无法安全地放置在拟议的地下处置库中。安全处置这种燃料的主要问题是对存在的元素钠进行惰性处理。电冶金处理工艺处理燃料，并通过使其反应生成氯化钠来中和元素钠。此过程还从燃料中回收铀，并产生两种高放废物形式，一种金属废物形式和一种陶瓷废物形式。该过程利用熔融盐电精炼技术将铀与活性裂变产物（例如Cs，Sr，I，稀土元素和残留的act系元素（如Np，Pu和Am）保留在熔融盐电解质中。包壳也被分离并保留在阳极篮中，阳极篮最初装有待处理的燃料。熔覆壳残余物中保留了对在电精炼机中施加的电势高尚的元素，包括Zr，Tc，Ru，Rh，Pd和Ag。包壳和“贵金属”被固结成金属废锭，主要由不锈钢组成，但还含有15％（重量）的锆。定期除去电精制机中的盐，并在高温下与沸石混合，这会导致盐被沸石吸留。然后将少量的玻璃料与吸盐的沸石混合，然后将所得材料在高温或高温高压下进行加工，以产生玻璃粘结的方钠石陶瓷废料形式。本文将讨论该项目的示范阶段，其中处理了100多个辐照燃料子组件，并产生了两种类型的几种废物形式。正在针对三类信息需求进行测试和分析，以评估这两种高级别异构体的物理，放射和化学特性：1）废物接收系统要求文档中指定了将废物形式接收到DOE处置系统中的要求， 2）与全面系统性能评估有关的问题，以及3）与异构体制造过程控制有关的问题。本文将针对这些需求讨论两种高级废物形式的现状。

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