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首页> 外文会议>2014 40th Annual Northeast Bioengineering Conference >Predictability in human manipulation of nonlinear dynamic objects
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Predictability in human manipulation of nonlinear dynamic objects

机译：人为操纵非线性动态对象的可预测性

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Manipulation of complex objects such as carrying a cup of coffee is ubiquitous in daily activities. To gain insight into the control of such motor skills, the present study examines how humans adapt their amplitude and frequency and force when rhythmically manipulating a nonlinear dynamic object, and what these selections mean in terms of movement strategy. In two experiments, subjects were asked to manipulate an object with an internal degree of freedom - a cup containing a rolling ball, simulating carrying a cup of coffee. The first experiment tested how subjects rhythmically moved the object when paced at its resonant frequency (0.75Hz), leaving amplitude free to choose. The second experiment fixed the oscillation amplitude, but allowed subjects to freely choose the frequency. To evaluate the chosen movements we examined the experimental exerted force and the mutual information between the model-simulated force and kinematics that would emerge if subjects continued their movements with no intermittent correction. The first served to evaluate effort, and the latter as index for predictability of the object dynamics. Importantly, these two criteria were alternatives. Results of experiment 1 showed that amplitude and predictability of object dynamics increased with practice while there was no decrease in effort. In experiment 2 the frequency diverged from resonant frequency and thereby again increased predictability, while keeping effort unchanged. Neither experiment showed evidence for minimum effort as criterion, or a preference for object resonant frequency. Instead, both experiments identified predictability as an important criterion in complex dynamic object manipulation.
机译：在日常活动中，诸如搬运一杯咖啡之类的复杂物体的操作无处不在。为了深入了解这种运动技能的控制，本研究研究了人类在有节奏地操纵非线性动态物体时如何适应振幅，频率和力，以及这些选择对运动策略的意义。在两个实验中，受试者被要求以内部自由度操作一个物体-一个装有滚动球的杯子，模拟携带一杯咖啡。第一个实验测试了受试者在以共振频率（0.75Hz）进行步调时如何有节奏地移动物体，而幅度却可以自由选择。第二个实验固定了振荡幅度，但允许对象自由选择频率。为了评估选定的运动，我们检查了实验施加的力以及模型模拟的力和运动学之间的相互信息，如果受试者没有间歇性地进行矫正就继续运动。前者用于评估工作量，后者用作对象动态可预测性的指标。重要的是，这两个标准是替代方案。实验1的结果表明，物体动力学的幅度和可预测性随实践而增加，而工作量却没有减少。在实验2中，频率偏离了共振频率，从而再次提高了可预测性，同时保持了努力不变。这两个实验都没有证据表明以最小的努力为标准，或者没有选择物体共振频率。相反，两个实验都将可预测性确定为复杂动态对象操纵的重要标准。

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